Jsm 7610f

An atomic force microscopy (Horiba, LabRAM Nano) was used to determine the morphological images of the MAPbI₃ surface. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were obtained using Hitachi S‐4800 and JSM‐7610F. The X‐Ray diffraction patterns were collected by Rigaku, Smartlab X‐ray diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54184 Å). The Raman spectrum of the MAPbI₃ film was obtained using a T64000 LabRAM confocal Raman instrument (Horiba) equipped with a 532 nm laser. The UV—vis absorption spectra were measured using a METASH V‐5100 spectrophotometer. A spectrograph (Ideaoptics, NOVA 2000) with 375 nm semiconductor laser (PicoQuant, Taiko PDL M1) had been used to receive the steady‐state photoluminescence (PL) signal. I–V measurements were carried out by a Keithley 4200A semiconductor parametric analyzer combined with a SUSS PM5 probe station. A commercial programable speaker was used as a sound source for testing the piezo‐acoustic‐RS performance. All measurements were performed at room temperature under ambient conditions.

The hydrothermally prepared nanocomposites were characterized with various techniques. The diffraction patterns of the nanocomposite were observed using X-ray diffraction (XRD, D2 Phaser, Bruker, CuKα radiation (λ = 1.54 Å)). The surface structure and topography were obtained with a field-emission scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope ((FESEM-EDX, JEOL, JSM-7610F, Tokyo, Japan), and (Hitachi Regulus 8100, JEOL JPS-9030, AlKα, Tokyo, Japan)), and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-2100F, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). In addition, the degradation of wastewater polluted with organic compounds was analyzed with a UV–visible spectrophotometer (SHIMADZU, UV-2600, Kyoto, Japan).

The cracking resistance of the coatings was tested according to the standard method of GB/T 17657-2013 [29 ]. The coated wood specimens (100 mm × 100 mm × 20 mm) were heated in a drying oven at 70 ± 2 °C for 24 h and then placed at 25 °C and 50% relative humidity for 24 h. The surfaces of the specimens were observed with an electronic magnifying glass. The fracture surface of the coatings was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (JSM-7610F, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 8 kV after spray coating with a thin gold layer.

As prepared Cu/Ni/TiO₂/MWCNTs nanocomposites were studied using various analytical techniques. The crystalline structure and crystalline size were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD, D2 Phaser, Bruker) with monochromatic CuKα radiation (λ = 1.540 Å). The synthesized Cu/Ni/TiO₂/MWCNTs nanocomposites surface morphology and topography are analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM-EDX, JEOL, JSM-7610F, and Hitachi Regulus 8100). In addition, the prepared nanocomposite's chemical composition is verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) (Thermo Scientific Multilab 2000 XPS). The nanocomposite modified electrode activities, which means electrochemical sensor performance is studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential voltammetry (DPV). A CHI 211B electrochemical workstations (CH Instruments Co., Austin, TX, USA) are used to measure all the electrochemical experiments. A three-electrode device, with a reference electrode, counter electrode, and working electrode, is used for voltammetry studies. The reference, counter, and working electrodes are made up of Ag/AgCl, platinum wire, and SPCE, respectively. For electrochemical studies are performed at room temperature, the Suntex pH meter is used to determine the pH. Moreover, the photocatalytic degradation of the FLT aqueous solution was analyzed by using a UV–Visible spectrometer.