Intera 1.5 tesla

Scanning was performed on three scanners: an Intera 1.5 Tesla (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands); an Achieva 3 Tesla (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands) and a Signa Excite 1.5 Tesla (General Electric Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA). Our institution uses a set protocol which was employed to scan all pediatric brain tumor patients throughout the study period to maintain consistent parameters. Parameters for the axial T1WI spin echo sequence used for analysis are shown in Table 1. The GBCA dose was calculated strictly as per the manufacturers' recommendation: 0.2ml (0.002mmol/ml) per kg of weight for gadopentetate dimeglumine and 0.1ml (1.0 mmol/ml) per kg for gadobutrol. The GBCA type and dose at each time point were recorded in and collected from our institution's radiology information system.

CMR investigations were conducted on clinical whole body CMR scanners (Intera 1.5 Tesla, Ingenia 1.5 Tesla or Ingenia 3 Tesla, Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands). ECG-gated steadystate free precession cine images were acquired for functional measurements and strain analysis. Cine images were obtained in short axis, 4-chamber and 2-chamber views. Short axis views of T2-weighted short-tau inversion-recovery (STIR) sequences were acquired in order to visualize myocardial oedema and to calculate T2 signal intensity (SI) ratio. For the assessment of myocardial hyperaemia (early gadolinium enhancement), axial fast spin echo T1-weighted images were acquired in free-breathing directly before and after contrast administration [15] (link). For LGE imaging, segmented inversion-recovery gradient-echo sequences were acquired in short axis, 4-chamber and 2-chamber views. Contrast was given as a bolus of 0.2 mmol/kg of body weight of gadobutrol (Gadovist, Bayer Healthcare, Leverkusen, Germany). Typical sequence parameters are summarized in ▶ Table S1 (online-only supplement).