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14 protocols using mda mb 231 breast

1

Cell Line Cultivation and Validation

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HCT116 colon, MCF7 breast, MDA-MB-231 breast, A375 melanoma, and PC9 lung were purchased from ATCC, were they were validated. HCT116 AKT1/2−/− was purchased from Horizon Discovery (Cambridge, UK), where it was validated. AG11726 skin fibroblasts were purchased from Coriell Repositories, where they were validated. MCF7, MDA-MB-231 and AG11726 were maintained in DMEM, 10% FCS, 40mM glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100μg/mL streptomycin; HCT116 and HCT116 AKT1/2−/− in McCoy’s 5α medium supplemented with 10% FCS, 100U/mL penicillin, and 100μg/mL streptomycin; PC9 in RPMI, 25% glucose, 1% sodium pyruvate, 100U/mL penicillin, and 100μg/mL streptomycin; A375 in DMEM supplemented with high glucose HEPES buffer, 10% FCS, 100U/mL penicillin, and 100μg/mL streptomycin. All the cells were grown at 37°C and 5% CO2.
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2

Culturing and Labeling Cell Lines

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Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were purchased from Lonza and cultured in EGM-2 media (Lonza, Switzerland). MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were purchased from ATCC and cultured in DMEM (low glucose) + 10% Fetal bovine serum (FBS) + 2 mM L-glutamine + 50 µg/ml Gentamycin. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs, bone marrow-derived) and human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) were purchased from Lonza and cultured in DMEM (low glucose) + 10% FBS + 2 mM L-glutamine + 50 µg/ml Gentamycin. HUVECs were used at passages 3–8, and the stromal cells (MSCs and HLFs) were used at passages 3–6. Green Fluorescent Protein-labelled MDA-MB-231 cells (GFP-MDA-MB-231) were prepared by transducing MDA-MB-231 cells with a lentiviral construct pCSCG-EGFP (Addgene). Similarly, Red Fluorescent-Protein labelled HUVECs (mApple HUVECs) were prepared by transducing HUVECs with a lentiviral construct pBAD-mApple (Addgene). All the cells were maintained in standard tissue culture incubators at 37 °C, 95% humidity, and 5% CO2.
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3

Characterization of Human Cancer Cell Lines

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A375 melanoma, PC9 lung, MDA-MB-231 breast, HCT116 colon, and MCF7 breast human cancer cell lines were purchased from ATCC, where they were validated. HCT116 AKT1/2−/− was purchased from Horizon Discovery, where it was validated. A375, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7 were maintained in DMEM, 10% FCS, 4 mM glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin; HCT116 and HCT116 AKT1/2−/− in McCoy’s 5α medium supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin; PC9 in RPMI, 10% FCS, 25% glucose, 1% sodium pyruvate, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. All the cells were grown at 37°C and 5% CO2.
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4

Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Maintenance

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MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma
tumor cells were purchased from ATCC (VA) and maintained in DMEM supplemented
with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) (Gipco, Brazil) in a medium with 1%
penicillin/streptomycin (Biological Industries, Israel).
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5

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of HHC-Loaded Nanoparticles

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The cytotoxicity of the blank NPs without HHC (CS-NPs), the unencapsulated HHC, and the HHC-CS-NPs against the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) was determined by the MTT assay, as previously reported by Muangnoi et al. [36 (link)], with modifications. Briefly, the breast cancer cells were cultured in a complete medium (CM) comprising DMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% (v/v) penicillin/streptomycin. The cultured cells were maintained in a humidified atmosphere of 95:5 (v/v) air:CO2 at 37 °C. The cells were seeded at a cell density of 1 × 104 cells/well/200 μL in a standard 96-well plate, grown for 24 h to obtain a confluent monolayer, and used for further experiments.
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6

Cell Line Cultivation for Tumor Research

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Cell lines used in this study included human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)-3 (gift from Peter Polverini, University of Michigan), A549 lung carcinoma, KATO-III gastric signet ring carcinoma, and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells (all from ATCC). Tumor cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (20% for KATO-III), and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (P/S). In addition, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC, Lonza) at low passage (p < 6) were cultured in Bio-Whittaker medium 199 (M199, Lonza), supplemented with endothelial cell growth supplement (ECGS, Millipore, Billerica, MA), 20% FBS, 1% P/S, 2 mM Glutamax, and 5 U/mL heparin.
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7

Cell Culture of Human Monocytic and Breast Cancer Cells

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Human THP-1 monocytic cell line, human ERα-positive MCF7 and the triple-negative (ER-, PR- and HER2-negative) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer epithelial cells were acquired from American Type Culture Collection where they were authenticated, stored according to supplier’s instructions and used within 4 months after recovery of the frozen aliquots. THP-1 cells were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium (Lonza, Verviers, Belgium), supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS, Lonza) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere. MCF7 cells were cultured in DMEM (Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Life Technologies), 1 mg/mL penicillin-streptomycin and 0.01 mg/mL insulin (Sigma Aldrich) at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere. MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in DMEM/F-12 plus Glutamax (Life Technologies) containing 10% FBS and 1 mg/mL penicillin-streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere.
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8

Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Breast Cancer Cells

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Cell-derived (extracellular) vesicles were prepared from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), HTB-26. Cells were cultured for 72 h in serum-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium 37 °C, 5% CO2. The conditioned medium was collected and concentrated using ultrafiltration against a 100 kDa regenerated cellulose membrane. The concentrate was subjected to size exclusion chromatography using a resin of Sepharose CL-2B (Sigma). Column fractions containing EVs were collected and stored at −80 °C until further analysis.
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9

Culturing Common Cancer Cell Lines

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All the HT-29 colon, MDA-MB-231 breast, MDA-MB-435 melanoma, and OVCAR3 ovarian human cancer cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), and they all were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium, supplemented with FBS (10%), penicillin (100 units/mL), and streptomycin (100 μg/mL).
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10

Maintaining Breast Cancer Cell Lines

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MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA) and maintained in RPMI-1640 (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA) medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS; Hyclone, Logan, UT, USA), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 mg/ml streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. The cells were passaged every 2–3 days to maintain exponential growth.
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