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73 protocols using mk 2206 2hcl

1

Modulation of Stem Cell Signaling Pathways

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GSK2656157, MK-2206 2HCl and SC79 were purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA).
GSK2656157 is a specific inhibitor of PERK 44 (link); MK-2206 2HCl is a selective inhibitor of AKT 45 (link), and SC79 is a unique specific Akt activator 46 (link). BMSCs were cultured in conditioned medium containing the specified concentration of PRP-Exos (50 μg/mL), GSK2656157 (20 μM), MK-2206 2HCl (5 μM) or SC79 (8 μg/mL). After treatment, western blotting was performed to examine expression of signal molecules.
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2

Modulating T Cell Activation Pathways

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Isolated T cells were activated with Dynabeads Human T-Activator CD3/CD28 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in RPMI 1640 (Sigma) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 100 U/ml penicillin and streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific). For AP-1 or AKT inhibition experiments, naive CD4+ T cells were activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 beads along with the AP-1 inhibitor SR11302 (10 mM, Tocris Bioscience) or the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl (1 uM, Selleckchem), respectively. DMSO (Sigma) was used for control treatment. For AKT and MEK1/2 inhibition experiments, activated cells were cultured with combinations of the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl (40–1000 nM, Selleckchem), MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (400 nM, Tocris Bioscience) or vehicle (DMSO, Sigma) for 1.5 hours.
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3

Modulating T Cell Activation Pathways

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Isolated T cells were activated with Dynabeads Human T-Activator CD3/CD28 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in RPMI 1640 (Sigma) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 100 U/ml penicillin and streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific). For AP-1 or AKT inhibition experiments, naive CD4+ T cells were activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 beads along with the AP-1 inhibitor SR11302 (10 mM, Tocris Bioscience) or the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl (1 uM, Selleckchem), respectively. DMSO (Sigma) was used for control treatment. For AKT and MEK1/2 inhibition experiments, activated cells were cultured with combinations of the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl (40–1000 nM, Selleckchem), MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (400 nM, Tocris Bioscience) or vehicle (DMSO, Sigma) for 1.5 hours.
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4

Signaling Pathway Inhibition in HLECs

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HLECs from the ScienCell (ScienCell, Carlsbad, CA, USA) (catalog #2500) was used. HLECs were maintained in complete endothelial cell medium (ECM), which consisted of 500 mL of basal medium, 25 mL of fetal bovine serum (FBS), 5 mL of endothelial cell growth supplement (ECGS), and 5 mL of penicillin/streptomycin solution (P/S). Primary antibodies against Akt, Erk1/2, p38 MAPKs (pan-specific antibody and active form), and GAPDH were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Akt inhibitor MK-2206 2HCL, Erk1/2 inhibitor U0126, p38 inhibitor SB203580, and VEGFR-3 inhibitor SAR131675 were obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Selleck, USA). DyeLight 680-labeled secondary antibody against rabbit IgG (H+L) was purchased from PKL, Inc. Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kits were purchased from Thermo Inc. A whole-protein extraction kit was purchased from KeyGEN Biotech.
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5

Investigating AKT Inhibitors in Cancer

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MK-2206 2HCl, triciribine, AT7867, ARQ-092 and CCT1298930 were obtained from Selleckchem (Houston, TX). AKT inhibitor VIII and perifosine were from AdooQ Bioscience (Irvine, CA). The kinase inhibitors were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), except from perifosine which was dissolved in ethanol. Actinomycin D (ActD) and dithiothreitol (DTT) were from Sigma-Aldrich. Antibodies against LDLR (3839-100) and β-tubulin (T9154-05G) were purchased from BioVision (Milpitas, CA) and Nordic BioSite AB (Täby, Sweden), respectively. Antibodies against AKT1 (2938) and AKT2 (2964) were obtained from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA). siRNAs against AKT1 (Hs_AKT1_7 FlexiTube siRNA) and AKT2 (Hs_AKT2_5 FlexiTube siRNA) were obtained from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany).
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6

Modulating Osteoclast Differentiation

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MK-2206 2HCl was purchased from Selleckchem Inc. (Cat# S1078). Rho Inhibitor I (cell-permeable exoenzyme C3 transferase, or cell-permeable C3 toxin) was purchased from Cytoskeleton Inc. (Cat# CT04). Rho activator II was purchased from Cytoskeleton Inc. (Cat# CN03). Stock solutions were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. During differentiation from BMMs to mature osteoclasts, the cells were treated continuously by those inhibitors or activators at indicated doses.
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7

KRAS Silencing and Targeted Inhibition

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KRAS siRNAs were purchased from Ribobio Corporation (Guangzhou, China). The target sequence of KRAS siRNA #1 and siRNA #2 are CGAATATGATCCAACAATA and CAAGAGGAGTACAGTGCAA, respectively. Beas-2B-KRAS-G12D and H358 cells were transiently transfected with KRAS siRNAs using Lipofectamine® RNAiMAX_Reagent (Invitrogen) for 48 h. ERK1/2 inhibitor (SCH772984) and AKT1/2/3 inhibitor (MK-22062HCL) were purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, USA). Beas-2B-KRAS-G12D cells or H358 cells were exposed to climbing doses of ERK and AKT inhibitors for 72 h. The viability of the cells was tested with CCK8 kit (Cell Counting Kit-8, Dojindo.Co, Japan). Recombinant humanized anti-PD-1 antibody, Pembrolizumab (MK-3475, Keytruda) was from Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (Whitehouse Station, NJ08889, USA).
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8

Lung Cancer Cell Line Cultivation and Inhibitor Treatment

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The human LUAD cell lines A549 and H1299 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) and authenticated by short tandem repeat (STR) profiling. The HEK293T cell line was acquired from the Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM-Integrated Hospital) of Southern Medical University (Guangzhou, P.R. China). These cell lines were analyzed for mycoplasma and were verified to be mycoplasma-free. A549 and H1299 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Biological Industries, Bet Haemek, Israel) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). HEK293T cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM; Biological Industries) supplemented with 10% FBS. All cells were incubated in a humidified incubator at 37°C with 5% CO2. The AKT1 inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl and the MAPK3/1 inhibitor SCH772984 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). For inhibitor treatment, 5 mmol/L MK-2206 2HCl and/or 5 mmol/L SCH772984, or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich) alone for control, were freshly added to the cell culture every 24 h.
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9

Tumor Cell Sensitization and Protein Analysis

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The untreated tumor cells were cultured for 24 hr (IC50: SCC15: 13.97 uM; CAL27: 5.46 uM) in a medium containing MK‐2206 2HCl (Selleck, Shanghai, China), then the virus or siRNA was added and the incubation continued for 48 hr, the proteins were extracted for subsequent experiments.
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10

Prostate Cell Lines and Reagents

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The prostate cell lines (PZ-HPV-7, CA-HPV-10, LNCaP, PC-3, and DU145) were obtained from BCRC (Hsinchu, Taiwan) and maintained as described previously [33 (link)]. Fetal calf serum (FCS) was obtained from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA), and RPMI 1640 media was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). MK-2206-2HCl and JSH-23 were obtained from Selleck Chemicals LLC (Houston, TX, USA). Cisplatin was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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