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11 protocols using ligation sequencing kit sqk lsk108

1

Comparative Analysis of Francisella Genomes

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The Francisella tularensis sp. holarctica strain FSC200 [11 ], and a genetic near neighbor Francisella hispaniensis strain FSC454 were chosen as an example dataset in case 1 to 3 of this study. The genome assembly of FSC200 is available as RefSeq assembly accesssion GCF_000168775.2 and genome assembly of FSC454 as RefSeq assembly accession GCF_001885235.1. Previously, generated Illumina HiSeq reads of FSC200 are available as NCBI SRA run SRR518502. This latter dataset was subsampled down to an estimated coverage of 100X (1.9 M 100 bp reads) for use in case 1, subsampling was performed with seqtk [12 ](v. 1.2-r94, installed through bioconda [13 ]).
New sequencing libraries were prepared from DNA extractions of the two bacterial strains using the SQK-LSK108 Ligation Sequencing Kit according to the manufacturer’s specifications and then sequenced using a FLO-MIN107 MinION flow cell (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK). MinION sequence reads for FSC200 are available as NCBI SRA run SRR9290761, and for FSC454 as NCBI SRA run SRR9290851. Subsampling down to 50,000 from 132,259 MinION reads for FSC200 and 15,000 from 15,757 MinION reads for FSC454 was performed with a custom script, and the sequences were trimmed to a maximum length of 3000 bp as well as being sorted by length to increase classification speed.
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2

Nanopore Sequencing of Genomic DNA

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The sequencing library was constructed from approximately 4 μg of genomic DNA using the SQK-LSK 108 Ligation Sequencing Kit (Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Sequencing was performed on a MinION Mk1B instrument (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) using a SpotON FLO MIN106 flowcell (FAH85393) and R 9.4 chemistry, running for approximately 24 h. Data acquisition was performed using MinKNOW version 1.14.1 running on a HP ProDesk 600G2 computer (64-bit, 16 GB RAM, 2 Tb SSD HD) running Windows10. Base-calling was performed using Albacore version 2.3.1. Adaptor trimming was performed using Porechop [23 ] with default settings. This produced 694,955 reads of average length 9 kb (range 2 bp–66 kb). A summary of the long-read statistics is given in Additional file 1: Table S1.
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3

Organelle-enriched DNA Nanopore Sequencing

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DNA was isolated from organelle-enriched fractions using the GeneMATRIX Tissue DNA Purification Kit (Roboklon) according to the manufacturer’s protocol for cultured cells. The Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing library was prepared with 1 µg of organelle-enriched DNA using the SQK-LSK108 ligation sequencing kit (Oxford Nanopore, ONT) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Sequencing was performed on an R9.4.1 Spot ON Flow Cell; live-basecalling was done using the ONT Guppy software package.
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4

High-quality Raspberry Cultivar Genome Sequencing

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DNA was extracted from fresh, young leaf material collected from a single plant of the R. idaeus cultivars ‘Autumn Bliss’ and ‘Malling Jewel’ using a high molecular weight genomic DNA extraction protocol [13 ]. Long-read sequencing libraries were prepared using the SQK-LSK108 Ligation Sequencing Kit (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) from approximately 1 μg of high molecular weight genomic DNA, following the manufacturer’s protocol. Long-read libraries were sequenced on R9.4.1 Spot-On Flow cells (FLO-MIN106) using the GridION X5 platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) set to high accuracy base calling. A PCR free short read Illumina sequencing library was prepared for each of the two cultivars using an insert size of 450 bp. The ’Malling Jewel’ libraries were sequenced with 250 bp paired end reads on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform at the Earlham Institute (Norwich, UK) and the ‘Autumn Bliss’ libraries were sequenced with 300 bp paired end reads on the Illumina MiSeq platform at NIAB East Malling.
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5

Nanopore Sequencing Library Preparation

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A sequencing library was prepared according to manufacturer’s instructions. The Ligation Sequencing Kit (SQK-LSK108, Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT)) and the Native Barcoding Expansion 1–12 kit (EXP-NBD103, ONT), barcoding each of the samples (barcodes #1, #2, #3, #4), were used with the following exceptions: Shearing times were prolonged and an optional FFPE DNA repair step (M6630, New England Biolabs (NEB)) was included. The incubation times during the end-repair/dA-tailing (E7546, NEB) were extended from five to 20 minutes for both, the 20 °C and 65 °C incubation steps. Qubit checkpoint measurements were performed according to the library preparation protocol (see Supplementary Table S1). Pooling of the barcoded samples was performed ‘as is’ instead of protocol-given ‘equimolar’. Sequencing was then performed on a R9.4 flowcell (FLO-MIN106, ONT, >1200 pores, see Supplementary Table. S2) with MinKNOW (version 2.1.12, ONT) at room temperature.
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6

Nanopore Sequencing of Genomic DNA

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Genomic DNA was used to build Nanopore sequencing libraries with Ligation Sequencing Kit (SQK-LSK108, Oxford Nanopore Technologies), following the manufacturer’s manual. For the first three runs, genomic DNA was not fragmented, to generate long reads. To obtain more reads, for the fourth run of Nanopore sequencing, genomic DNA was sheared to 8–10 kilobases by g-TUBE (Covaris, 520079). The libraries were sequenced in R9.4.1 flow cells on a MinION device (Oxford Nanopore Technologies). MinKNOW (v.1.7.3) was used to collect raw signal and Albacore (v.2.3.3) was used for base-calling. All the data were combined for genome assembly.
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7

Nanopore Sequencing of Genomic DNA

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Genomic DNA was used to build Nanopore sequencing libraries with Ligation Sequencing Kit (SQK-LSK108, Oxford Nanopore Technologies), following the manufacturer’s manual. For the first 3 runs, genomic DNA was not fragmented in order to generate long reads. To obtain more reads, for the 4th run of Nanopore sequencing, genomic DNA was sheared to 8–10 kilobases by g-TUBE™ (Covaris, 520079). The libraries were sequenced in R9.4.1 flow cells on a MinION device (Oxford Nanopore Technologies). MinKNOW (v1.7.3) was used to collect raw signal and Albacore (v2.3.3) was used for basecalling. All the data were combined for genome assembly.
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8

Nanopore Sequencing of BSFL Microbiome

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Genomic DNA extraction from BSFL, microbial cultures of the raw substrates, bacterial plates and frass was done using the Isolate II DNA extraction kit (Bioline, London, United Kingdom) as per the manufacturer’s protocol. The purity and concentration of the resultant DNA was determined using a Nanodrop 2000/2000c spectrophotometer (Thermo Fischer Scientific, Wilmington, NC, United States). Library preparation was performed using the Ligation Sequencing Kit (SQK-LSK108) and Native Barcoding Kit (EXP-NBD103) for genomic DNA, according to the standard 1D Native barcoding protocol provided by the manufacturer (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, United Kingdom). The constructed library was loaded into the Flow Cell R9.4 (FLO-MIN106) of a MinION device (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, United Kingdom), which was run with the SQK-LSK108_plus_Basecaller script of the MinKNOW1.7.14 software, for 4 h.
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9

cDNA Library Preparation for Nanopore Sequencing

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The cDNA library was prepared using the Ligation Sequencing Kit (SQK-LSK108; Oxford Nanopore Technologies) following the modified 1D strand switching cDNA by ligation protocol. Briefly: End repair was carried out on Cap-selected and barcoded samples using NEBNext End repair/dA-tailing Module (New England Biolabs) followed by adapter ligation using adapters (supplied in the kit) and NEB Blunt/TA Ligase Master Mix (New England Biolabs). The cDNA sample was purified between each step using Agencourt AMPure XP magnetic beads (Beckman Coulter), and the library concentration was determined using Qubit 2.0 Fluorometer (through use of the Qubit (ds)DNA HS Assay Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The samples were loaded on R9.4 SpotON Flow Cells.
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10

Zika Virus Genome Sequencing Protocol

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A protocol developed by Quick and collaborators [24 (link)] was used. The cDNA synthesis was generated using the ProtoScript II First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (New England Biolabs, Hitchin, UK) and random hexamer priming. The cDNA generated was subjected to multiplex PCR using Q5 High-Fidelity DNA polymerase (New England Biolabs, UK) and a set of specific primers (ZikaAsian V2) designed by the ZiBRA project (https://github.com/zibraproject/zika-pipeline, accessed on 29 September 2022). Amplicons were purified using 1× AMPure XP beads (Beckman Coulter, High Wycombe, UK) and quantified on a Qubit 3.0 fluorimeter (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) using the Qubit dsDNA BR assay. Library preparation was performed using the Ligation Sequencing Kit SQK-LSK108 (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, UK) and Native Barcoding Kit EXP-NBD103 (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK). Sequencing libraries were loaded into an R9.4/R9.4.1 flow cell (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK), and sequencing data were collected for up to 48 h on a MinION platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK).
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