Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium f12 dmem f12

All experiments were implemented with AXT extracted from heamotococcus pluvialis and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was obtained from Samchun Pure Chemical Co., Ltd. (Pyeongteak-si, Gyeongi-do, Korea). All cell culture agents consisted of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/F12 (DMEM-F12) obtained from Cellgro (Mediatech, Massachusetts, USA), fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibody, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) purchased from Gibco. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Distilled water was used for all aqueous solutions. All chemicals were directly used without further purification.

Fu extracted from Fucus vesiculosus was obtained from Sigma (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo, U.S.A.). Chloroauric acid trihydrate (HAuCl₄∙3H₂O, > 99.9%) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox·HCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium/F12 (DMEM-F12) was obtained from Cellgro (Mediatech, Massachusetts, USA). Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM), trypsin–ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (trypsin-EDTA), antibiotics, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Gibco BRL, Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA). 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Hoechst 33342, and propidium iodide (PI) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Double-distilled water was used for all aqueous solutions in the experiments. All chemicals were used directly as received without further purification.