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6 protocols using ethyl alcohol anhydrous

1

Soil and Mineral Water Analysis Protocol

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Sodium tetrakis [3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] borate (NaTFPB), 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE), high-molecular-weight poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), tetrahydrofuran (THF), calcium ionophore IV, 4-aminoantipyrine, perfluorinated resin solution (Nafion 1100 W-5 wt%) and ethyl alcohol (anhydrous) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Silica was purchased from Cabot. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and iron nitrate were obtained from Macklin. All aqueous solutions were prepared with ultrapure water (>18.2 MΩ cm).
The original soil samples were collected from five different locations near Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center. The collected 10 g soil samples were mixed with 70 mL ultrapure water and ultrasonicated for 1 h. The resulting mixture was centrifuged (10 min at 10,000 rpm) to collect the solution. Finally, the obtained solution was stored at 4 °C in a refrigerator for use. In addition, five different brands of mineral water were randomly purchased from the market for testing.
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2

Laccase from Aspergillus for Indigo Decolorization

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Laccase from Aspergillus spp. (LAsp) with a nominal activity of 1000 U.g−1 of protein, 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS, ≥98%), Bovine serum albumin (BSA), ethyl alcohol anhydrous, orthophosphoric acid 85%, and Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). LAsp is a similar product to Novozym 51003, which is a formulation used for indigo dye decolorization in denim finishing operations and includes a buffer and an enzyme mediator, but this information was not indicated by Novozymes [54 (link)]. Lignocellulosic waste from corn cob (CC), which was used as a support, were collected in supply and processing centers in the city of Imperatriz, State of Maranhão (Brazil). All reagents used were of analytical grade.
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3

Synthesis of Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles

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Pluronic P123 (poly(ethyleneoxide)-poly(propyleneoxide)-poly(ethyleneoxide))
was purchased from BASF (Korea). Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, >99%),
potassium bicarbonate (99.5%), lecithin (98%), and ethyl alcohol anhydrous
(99.9%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Korea). Propyltriethoxysilane
(PTES, C3), octyltriethoxysilane (OTES, C8),
dodecyltriethoxysilane (DDTES, C12), and octadecyltriethoxysilane
(ODTES, C18) were purchased from Gelest (Morrisville).
Acetic acid (99.5%), toluene (99.5%), hydrochloric acid, and anhydrous
ethyl alcohol (99.9%) were purchased from Daejung Co. (Korea).
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4

Fabrication of Hybrid Nanocomposites

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Iron (III) nitrate nonahydrate (98%), copper (Cu) (II) nitrate trihydrate (99%), aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, molybdate tetrahydrate, ammonium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%), melamine (≥ 99.0%), and citric acid anhydrous (≥ 99.5%) were purchased from Daejung Chemical and Metals Co (Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Formaldehyde (37 wt% in water), sulfuric acid (95–98%), and ethyl alcohol anhydrous (99.9%) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Si nanoparticles powder (APS ≤ 50 nm, 98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar, Inc (MA, USA). GO (0.5%) was purchased from Angstron materials (Gyeonggi-do, Korea). APTES (≥ 99%) was provided by AcroSeal (United Kingdom. All reagents of analytical grade and materials were used as received. Deionized (DI) water was used in the preparation of aqueous solutions.
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5

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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All the reagents and chemicals were used as received, including PbI2 (99.999%, Sigma Aldrich), CsI (99.90%, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), N,N-dimethylformamide (99.99%, Sigma Aldrich), dimethyl sulfoxide (99.50%, Sigma Aldrich), sodium acetate (AR, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), formamidine acetate (99%, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), sodium bicarbonate (AR, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), sodium hydroxide (AR, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), potassium hydroxide (AR, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), sodium hypophosphite (99%, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), triethanolamine hydrochloride (99.5%, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), spiro-OMeTAD (Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp.), chlorobenzene (99.9%, Aladdin Industrial Corporation), 4-tertbutylpyridine (99.90%, Sigma Aldrich), lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (99.95%, Sigma Aldrich), anhydrous ethyl alcohol (99.5%, Sigma Aldrich, product code: 459836), anhydrous isopropanol (99.5%, Sigma Aldrich, product code: 278475), and tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) substrates. All the formamidinium iodide (FAI), methylammonium iodide (MAI), methylammonium bromine (MABr), and methylammonium chloride (MACl) were synthesized and purified according to the procedure mentioned in the pervious literature54 (link).
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6

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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All the chemical materials and reagents are purchased and used directly without further optimization or purification, including bathocuproine (BCP, Sigma-Aldrich), poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA, vinyl acetate 40 wt%), anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF, Sigma-Aldrich), anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma-Aldrich), anhydrous ethyl alcohol (99.5%, Sigma-Aldrich), lead (II) iodide (PbI2, 99.999% purity, Afar Aesar), polyurethane (PU, Sigma-Aldrich), lead(II) bromide (PbBr2, Sigma-Aldrich), formamidinium iodide (HC(NH2)2I, Xi’an p-OLED Corp), aqueous PEDOT:PSS solution (CLEVIOSTM Al 4083, Heraeus), methylamine iodide (MAI) (>98% purity, Dyesol) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM, American Dye Source Inc), anhydrous isopropanol (99.5%, Sigma-Aldrich), rigid and flexible indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates.
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