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13 protocols using isogen reagent

1

Quantifying Adipogenesis-Related Gene Expression

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Total RNA was isolated from tissues using the Isogen reagent (Wako) and reverse transcribed using the QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit (Qiagen). PCR was performed using the Power SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (Roche) and LightCycler® (Roche). All expression levels were normalized to that of S18 mRNA.
Real-time RT-PCR primers used (5′ to 3′):
ForwardReverse
cd36ttgtacctatactgtggctaaatgagacttgtgttttgaacatttctgctt
cideaaaaccatgaccgaagtagccaggccagttgtgatgactaagac
cpt1agctgtcaaagataccgtgagctctccctccttcatcagtgg
elovl3gaggcctctcatcctctggtttgccataaacttccacatcc
cpt1bgcccatgtgctcctaccactctgagaggtgctgtagcaag
dio2ctgcgctgtgtctggaacggagcatcttcacccagttt
fgf21cacaccgcagtccagaaagtgacacccaggatttgaatg
lipe (HSL)agcgctggaggagtgttttccgctctccagttgaacc
pnpla2 (ATGL)tgaccatctgccttccagatgtaggtggcgcaagaca
slc27a1 (FATP1)gacaagctggatcaggcaaggaggccacagaggctgttc
slc27a3 (FATP3)gagaacttgccaccgtatgcggtctcagtagtggccaaaga
slc27a4 (FATP4)ggcagtgagatggcctcacagagcagaagaggctgagtg
S18tccagcacattttgcgagtacagtgatggcgaaggctatt
ucp1gatgtggtaaaaacaagattcatcacgcagaaaagaagccacaa
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2

Silencing RORα in HepG2 Cells

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siRNAs targeting different sequences in RORα (siRORa-258 and siRORa-1388) were generated using an in vitro transcription T7 kit (Takara Bio). siRNA against green fluorescent protein (siGFP) was used as a negative control. siRNA oligonucleotide sequences are listed in Supplementary Table S1. HepG2 cells were seeded in 24-well plates at 0.5 × 105 cells/well and transfected using Lipofectamine 2000 (Life Technologies) with siRNA the following day. Cells were harvested 48 h after transfection, and total RNA was prepared using ISOGEN reagent (Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka, Japan). RORα and NCEH1 levels were quantified by qRT-PCR as described above. The effects of siRNA transfection on cell viability were estimated by measuring LDH activity using a Cytotoxicity Detection Kit PLUS (Roche), following the manufacturer’s protocol. Data were collected from at least three independent experiments.
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3

Quantitative Expression Analysis of Adipocyte Genes

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Total RNA was extracted from 3T3-L1 adipocytes with the Isogen reagent (Wako Pure Chemical Inc., Osaka, Japan). Real-time reverse transcription–PCR was performed via the fluorescent dye SYBR Green I method using SYBR Premix Ex Taq and Perfect Real Time (Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan) with a StepOne Real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, CA, USA). The primers used in this study were designed based on the GenBank™ information and synthesized by Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). The PCR primers used for ACSL1, PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, and GAPDH are presented in Supplementary Table S2.
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4

Total RNA Isolation and cDNA Synthesis

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Total RNA was isolated using ISOGEN reagent according to manufacturer's protocol (Fujifilm Wako, Osaka, Japan). cDNA was synthesized using the Superscript IV VILO Master Mix with ezDNase kit following the manufacturer's protocol (Invitrogen by Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Total RNA concentration of 1500 ng was used to synthesize cDNA.
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5

Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Gene Expression

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Total RNA was isolated using ISOGEN reagent (Wako). Reverse transcription (RT) was performed using PrimeScript RT Master Mix (Takara, Shiga, Japan) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. cDNAs were quantified by real-time PCR using SYBR qPCR mix (Toyobo, Osaka, Japan) and a Thermal Cycler TP800 (Takara). RT primers were as follows: AR (s) 5′-ATGGTGAGCAGAGTGCCCTA-3′, (as) 5′-TCTGGGGTGGAAAGTAATAGTCAA-3′; CNPY2 (s) 5′- GACCATGCCCTGCACATATC-3′, (as) 5′- TAAAAGGCATTGCCACCATT-3′; GAPDH (s) 5′-GCACCGTCAAGGCTGAGAAC-3′, (as) 5′-TGGTGAAGACGCCAGTGGA-3′; KLK3 (s) 5′- TCTGCGGCGGTGTTCTG-3’, (as) 5′- GCCGACCCAGCAAGATCA-3′; TMPRSS2 (s) 5′- GGACAGTGTGCACCTCAAAGAC-3′, (as) 5′- TCCCACGAGGAAGGTCCC-3′; NKX3-1 (s) 5′- CCCAGTCCACTGAGCAAGCA-3′, (as) 5′- GGGACCCATTATAGGCAATAAACAC-3′.
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6

Prm1, Prm2, and Tnp1 Expression Analysis

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Total RNA was isolated from the cauda epididymis and vas deferens of the Prm1+/+ and Prm1+/− mice using ISOGEN reagent (Wako, Tokyo, Japan). Total RNA was reverse transcribed using a SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis System for RT-PCR (Invitrogen). Amplifications were performed for 24 cycles. The primers used were as follows: Prm1 forward primer 5′-ATGGCCAGATACCGATGCTG-3′; Prm1 reverse primer 5′-CTAGTATTTTTTACACCTTATGG-3′; Prm2 forward primer 5′-ATGGTTCGCTACCGAATGAGG-3′; Prm2 reverse primer 5′-TTAGTGATGGTGCCTCCTACA-3′; Tnp1 forward primer 5′-ATGTCGACCAGCCGCAAGC-3′; Tnp1 reverse primer 5′-TCACAAGTGGGATCGGTAATTG-3′; GAPDH (housekeeping gene) forward primer 5′-TGTCATCAACGGGAAGCCCA-3′; and GAPDH reverse primer 5′-TTGTCATGGATGACCTTGGC-3′.
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7

PARN and CUGBP1 Interaction in miRNA Regulation

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The cDNAs encoding human PARN and C-terminally Flag-tagged human CUGBP1 were cloned into the pDEST12.2 vector (Invitrogen). Huh7 cells cultured in 10-cm dishes were transfected with 6 μg of each vector using FuGENE reagent (Roche). As a control, a mock-transfection was performed without plasmid. At 72 h post-transfection, the cells were treated with ISOGEN reagent (Wako) to isolate total RNA. The steady-state level of each mature miRNA was measured using TaqMan miRNA assays (Applied Biosystems), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The expression level of CUGBP1 was determined by immunoblotting using anti-CUGBP1 (RN002MW; MBL) and anti-Flag (F1804; Sigma) antibodies. The expression levels of PARN and ACTB (control) were determined using anti-PARN (3899; Cell Signaling Technology) and anti-ACTB (SAB1403520; Sigma) antibodies, respectively. Ago2 was detected by immunoblotting using an anti-Ago2 antibody (4G8; Wako).
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8

RNA Extraction and RT-PCR for ALSV Detection

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Total RNA was extracted from S. latifolia leaves by using the ISOGEN reagent (FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals, Osaka, Japan) or TRIzol reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). One-step RT-PCR was performed by using the SuperScript III One-Step RT-PCR System with Platinum Taq (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The primer set R2ALS1363(+) and R2ALS1551(−) was used for detecting ALSV (Figure 1). The primer set ALSR2-1213(+) and ALSR2-1484(−), which was designed to flank the multiple cloning site of the ALSV vector, was used for detecting ALSV in inoculated plants, and for checking whether the infected vector retained the insert. The reaction volume was 10 µL, and the thermal cycling conditions were 50 °C for 30 min for reverse transcription, 94 °C for 2 min to activate the DNA polymerase; followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 15 s, annealing at 55 °C for 30 s, and extension at 68 °C for 1 min; with a final extension at 68 °C for 7 min.
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9

Real-Time PCR Analysis of Gene Expression under Mild Heat Stress

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The NSCs/NPCs were allowed to grow in PM for the indicated times and collected. Total RNA was isolated using Isogen reagent (Wako), reverse transcribed into cDNA using the QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit (Qiagen), and amplified using the ABI prism 7000 sequence detection system (Applied Biosystems). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out with the QuantiTect SYBR Green PCR Kit (Qiagen). The primer sequences are listed in S1 Table. The PCR conditions were as follows: initial activation at 95°C for 15 min, then 40 amplification cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 15 s, annealing at 58°C for 30 s, and extension at 72°C for 30 s. Relative quantification was performed using the 2−ΔΔCt method with 18S rRNA as the endogenous control. Relative gene expression is presented as a ratio of target gene expression under mild heat exposure to expression at the control temperature.
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10

Gene Expression Analysis of Mouse Desmosomal Proteins

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Total RNA was isolated from mouse tissue using Isogen reagent (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) and from 3D-keratinocytes and HEKn cells using an RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), then reverse-transcribed using a High-Capacity RNA-to-cDNA kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed using Fast SYBR Green Master Mix (Thermo Fisher Scientific) or TaqMan Fast Universal PCR Master Mix (Thermo Fisher Scientific) on a 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The following mouse genes were analyzed using TaqMan Gene Expression Assays (Thermo Fisher Scientific): Dsg1a (Mm00809994_s1), Dsg1b (Mm00839130_mH), and Dsg1c (Mm00725121_g1). Details of the primer pairs used with Fast SYBR Green Master Mix are given in S2 Table.
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