Vascular grafts (15 mm in length and 3 mm in inner diameter) were implanted to replace the rabbit’s common carotid artery. The rabbits (New Zealand white rabbit, 2.5 kg, Laboratory Animal Research Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China) were anesthetized by pentobarbital sodium (Tiandz, Beijing, China) at 30 mg/kg via intravenous injection. The animal model was approved by the ethical committee of Soochow University (No. ECSU-2019000135). A midline incision in the neck was made, and the common carotid artery was dissected. After infusion of 100 U/kg heparin (130 U/mg; Sinopharm, Beijing, China) intravenously, the common carotid artery was excised and replaced by SFTSs using two end-to-end anastomoses, and sutured with 8−0 nylon sutures (Jinhuan, Shanghai, China). The surgical wound was closed in layers with absorbable 3−0 silk sutures (Jinhuan, Shanghai, China) (Figure 1 ). Rabbits were monitored during recovery from anesthesia. Rabbits were followed up for 2 weeks (2 W), 1 month (1 M), 3 months (3 M), 6 months (6 M), and 12 months (12 M) (n = 6 per time point). The autogenous common carotid arteries of rabbits were used as controls.
Heparin
Manufactured by Sinopharm
Sourced in China
Heparin is a laboratory anticoagulant compound used to prevent the clotting of blood samples. It is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan that inhibits several steps in the blood coagulation cascade.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Tianjin Damao (1 mentions)
Chitosan, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Hematoxylin eosin h e staining kits, by Beyotime (1 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Formic acid, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Hydrogen peroxide, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Deuterium oxide, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Hplc grade methyl alcohol, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hplc grade acetonitrile, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Terfenadine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Honeywell (1 mentions)
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
6 protocols using heparin
1
Vascular Graft Replacement in Rabbit Carotid Artery
2
Febuxostat Synthesis and Characterization
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Deionized water (homemade), febuxostat (purity ≥98%, Shanghai Dibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) anhydrous ethanol (Tianjin Xinbote Chemical Co. Ltd.), urea (Tianjin Yongsheng Fine Chemical Co. Ltd.), acetonitrile (Tianjin Damao Chemical Reagent Factory), and potassium stannate trihydrate were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Company (Shanghai, China). 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation (Shanghai, China). Hematoxylin-eosin/HE staining kits were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co. Chitosan, dimethicone, tetrahydrofuran, formic acid, and heparin were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd.
3
Anticoagulant Dextran Protocol
4
Transbrachial Approach for Paravalvular Leak Repair
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All patients took medication to improve cardiac function before the procedure. Warfarin was continued without Heparin bridging during the perioperative period, with a view to a transbrachial procedure. The procedures were performed under local anesthesia in a catheterization room with X-ray fluoroscopic and TTE guidance. Retrograde access via the brachial artery approach was adopted. Fluoroscopy confirmed the presence of paravalvular regurgitation, and TTE determined the location of the PVL. Heparin (100 U/kg, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd, China) was introduced via the sheath.
5
Characterization of Indo5 Compound
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Indo5 was synthesized as described previously (US Patent Number: 9642839B2). Its purity was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the compound was used as the reference standard because of its high purity (>99%). The molecular structure of Indo5 was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and elemental analyses. These analyses were conducted at a laboratory specializing in pharmaceutical analysis.
The internal standard (IS), terfenadine, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). HPLC-grade water was obtained from Watson’s Food and Beverage (Guangzhou, China). HPLC-grade acetonitrile and HPLC-grade methanol were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, United States). HPLC-grade formic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. The anesthetic phenobarbital for veterinary use was acquired from Wuhan Dongkang Source Technology (Wuhan, China). Heparin (1000 UI/ml) and physiologic saline (0.9%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagents (Shanghai, China).
The internal standard (IS), terfenadine, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). HPLC-grade water was obtained from Watson’s Food and Beverage (Guangzhou, China). HPLC-grade acetonitrile and HPLC-grade methanol were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, United States). HPLC-grade formic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. The anesthetic phenobarbital for veterinary use was acquired from Wuhan Dongkang Source Technology (Wuhan, China). Heparin (1000 UI/ml) and physiologic saline (0.9%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagents (Shanghai, China).
6
Ilaprazole Quantification Protocol
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Ilaprazole (>99%) was purchased from the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China). Ilaprazole sulfide (≥95%) and ilaprazole sulfone (≥95%) were purchased from Shanghai Yichun Technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Methanol (HPLC grade) and ethyl acetate (HPLC grade) were obtained from Honeywell International Inc. (Morris, NJ, USA). Ammonium acetate (HPLC grade) was obtained from Roe Scientific Inc. (St. Newark, DE, USA). Ammonia (analytical grade) was purchased from Beijing Chemical Industry Group Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). Heparin (analytical grade) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (chemical grade) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Deionized water was obtained from a Mill-Q Reference water purification system (Millipore, Molsheim, France).
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