Gkt137831

Manufactured by Cayman Chemical

Sourced in United States

GKT137831 is a lab equipment product offered by Cayman Chemical. It is a tool used for conducting scientific research and experiments in a laboratory setting. The core function of this product is to facilitate various laboratory procedures and analyses. Detailed specifications and intended use are not provided in order to maintain an unbiased and factual approach.

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Lab products found in correlation

Rotenone, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Myxothiazol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Idebenone, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions) Pd146176, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions) Antimycin a, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Allopurinol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Pf 431396, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) U0126, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions) Apocynin, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Lipofectamine rnaimax, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) L name, by Merck Group (2 mentions) 4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) N acetylcysteine nac, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Victor x3, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Hanks balanced salt solution (hbss), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Simvastatin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pepmute sirna transfection reagent, by SignaGen (1 mentions) Vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), by R&D Systems (1 mentions) Tunicamycin t7765, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

19 protocols using gkt137831

Urea-Induced NADPH Oxidase Inhibition

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Cells were cultured for the time indicated in the presence or absence of 20 mM urea with or without the highly specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor GKT137831 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) [12 (link)] at concentrations of 10 mM. GKT137831 was dissolved in 0.1% ethanol and was added to the cells 20 min before urea addition. In the indicated experiments, GKT137831 was added to the cells after the urea was removed

d’Apolito M., Colia A.L., Manca E., Pettoello-Mantovani M., Sacco M., Maffione A.B., Brownlee M, & Giardino I. (2018). Urea Memory: Transient Cell Exposure to Urea Causes Persistent Mitochondrial ROS Production and Endothelial Dysfunction. Toxins, 10(10), 410.

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Quantifying Intracellular ROS Levels

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Intracellular ROS levels were measured using 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA). C2C12 cells were cultured in 96-well plate for 24 h and treated with siRNAs (50 μM), adenovirus (MOI = 10), the Nox1/4 selective inhibitor GKT137831 (5 μM, Cayman Chemical), or the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 1 mM, Sigma-Aldrich) for 24 h. Then, the cells were incubated in DM for 72 h and washed with Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS, Gibco). Myotubes were incubated with 10 μM of DCF-DA solution in the dark at 37°C for 30 min. To remove extracellular ROS, cells were washed with 0.1 mL of HBSS at least three times. Fluorescence was measured using VICTOR X3 (Perkin Elmer) at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm and an emission wavelength of 535 nm.

Youm T.H., Woo S.H., Kwon E.S, & Park S.S. (2019). NADPH Oxidase 4 Contributes to Myoblast Fusion and Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2019, 3585390.

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Fibroblast Differentiation: TGF-β Protocols

Cited 1 time

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Primary mouse skin fibroblasts were differentiated for 24 h or 5 days using 10 ng/mL TGF-β2 in 4 mM HCl and 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA). Human primary fibroblasts were differentiated for 24 h using 2 ng/mL TGF-β1 (DMSO, 0.5%, BioLegend) together with either DMSO, 1 μM diphenylene iodonium (DPI, Sigma) or 40 μM GKT137831 (Cayman Chemical) as previously described [39 (link)].

Siedlar A.M., Seredenina T., Faivre A., Cambet Y., Stasia M.J., André-Lévigne D., Bochaton-Piallat M.L., Pittet-Cuénod B., de Seigneux S., Krause K.H., Modarressi A, & Jaquet V. (2023). NADPH oxidase 4 is dispensable for skin myofibroblast differentiation and wound healing. Redox Biology, 60, 102609.

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Visualizing Endothelial Cell Signaling

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Histamine dihydrochloride (histamine), PP2, simvastatin, (R)-mevalonic acid lithium salt (mevalonic acid) and imaging buffer components were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). NSC23766 and LB42708 were from APExBio Inc (Houston, TX, USA). Lipofectamine™ 3000 Transfection Reagent (LF3000) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). GKT137831 was obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and PepMute™ siRNA Transfection Reagent was from SignaGen (Frederick, MD, USA).

Waldeck-Weiermair M., Yadav S., Kaynert J., Thulabandu V.R., Pandey A.K., Spyropoulos F., Covington T., Das A.A., Krüger C, & Michel T. (2022). Differential endothelial hydrogen peroxide signaling via Nox isoforms: Critical roles for Rac1 and modulation by statins. Redox Biology, 58, 102539.

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Cellular Stress Response Assay

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d-galactose (G0750), 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA, P21005), and tunicamycin (T7765) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). GKT137831 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (1218942-37-0, Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Cell culture media and antibiotics were obtained from Lonza and Gibco. Fluorescent probes and secondary antibodies coupled to fluorescent markers were purchased from Molecular Probes, Invitrogen. All other reagents were obtained from Sigma or the highest grade available.

Lee H.Y., Kim H.K., Hoang T.H., Yang S., Kim H.R, & Chae H.J. (2020). The correlation of IRE1α oxidation with Nox4 activation in aging-associated vascular dysfunction. Redox Biology, 37, 101727.

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Reconstitution and Preparation of Bioactive Compounds

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1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution was used to dissolve endothelin-1 (Millipore Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol (MeOH) and 0.3M NaOH solution were used to reconstitute S1P (Millipore Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA and Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. W146 (Cayman Chemical & Tocris Bioscience, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was reconstituted in MeOH and 0.03M NaOH. CAY10444 and c-PTIO (Cayman Chemical) were dissolved in dimethylformamide and water, respectively. GKT137831 (Cayman Chemical) and GSK2795039 (Millipore Sigma) were both dissolved in ethanol. Apocynin and PEG-Catalase (Millipore Sigma) were dissolved in MeOH and water, respectively. Acetylcholine (Millipore Sigma) was diluted in water. S1P receptor antibodies were purchased from Invitrogen by Thermo Fisher (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). ROS-ID® NO Detection kit (Enzo Life Sciences, Enzo Biochem, Farmingdale, New York) was dissolved in HEPES buffer at the time of the experiment.

Katunaric B., SenthilKumar G., Schulz M.E., De Oliveira N, & Freed J.K. (2022). Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Induced Vasodilation in Human Resistance Arterioles During Health and Disease. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 79(10), 2250-2261.

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Biochemical Reagents for Cell Studies

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Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), iodoacetic acid (IAA), 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), indomethacin, 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA), oligomycin, rotenone, antimycin A and myxothiazol were from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). GKT137831, zileuton, PD146176, idebenone, piericidin A, trifluoromethoxy carbonylcyanide phenylhydroazone (FCCP), S-ethyl isothiourea (SEITU) and 1400W were from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). GSK2795039 was from MedChem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). All other chemicals were from Sigma Aldrich.

, & Maher P. (2021). Investigations into the Role of Metabolism in the Inflammatory Response of BV2 Microglial Cells. Antioxidants, 10(1), 109.

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Chalcone and ER Stress Modulation

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trans-Chalcone, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), tunicamycin (Tu), thapsigargin (Tg), rotenone, thallium trifluoroacetate, allopurinol, mefenamic acid, apocynin, n-ethylmalemide, iodacetamide were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Z-VAD-fmk was purchased from Enzo-life Technologies (Farmingdale, NY, USA). GKT137831 was obtained from Cayman Chemical (Michigan, USA). Hoechst 33342 and ER-Tracker™ Green were purchased from Invitrogen (Invitrogen, CA, USA).

Kim H.K., Lee H.Y., Riaz T.A., Bhattarai K.R., Chaudhary M., Ahn J.H., Jeong J., Kim H.R, & Chae H.J. (2021). Chalcone suppresses tumor growth through NOX4-IRE1α sulfonation-RIDD-miR-23b axis. Redox Biology, 40, 101853.

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Comprehensive Chemical Reagent Library

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Bafilomycin (11038), BI-6C9 (17265), bisindoylmaleimide III (11072),
chlorgyline (15925), erastin (17754), trifluoromethoxycarbonylcyanide
phenylhydrazone (FCCP; 15218), (ferrostatin (17729), Flt 3 inhibitor (21193),
GKT137831 (17764), idebenone (15475), liproxstatin (17730), LY83583 (70230),
mitoquinol (mitoQ; 89950), Nullscript (16433), PD146176 (10010518), PI3K
inhibitor VIII (10009210), RSL3 (19288), Scriptaid (10572), STY-BODIPY (27089),
2-theonyl trifluoroacetone (TTFA; 15517) and troglitazone (71750) were purchased
from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI USA). GSK2795039 (HX18950) was from MedChem
Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ USA). Cisplatin (2251) was from Tocris
(Minneapolis, MN USA). Antimycin A (A8674), (aminooxy)acetic acid
hemihydrochloride (AOA; C13408), apomorphine (A4393), CdCl₂ (202908),
8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-guanosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate
(pCPT-cGMP; C5438), CoCl₂ (C2644), deferiprone (379409), glutamate
(G5889), glutaminase inhibitor 968 (SML1327), hydrogen peroxide
(H₂O₂; H1009), 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA; H4391),
iodoacetic acid (I4386), myxothiazol (T5580), paraquat (36541), rotenone
(45656), sodium azide (S8032), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH; B2633) and all
other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO USA) unless
otherwise stated.

Soriano-Castell D., Currais A, & Maher P. (2021). Defining a Pharmacological Inhibitor Fingerprint for Oxytosis/Ferroptosis. Free radical biology & medicine, 171, 219-231.

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Comprehensive Reagent Acquisition Protocol

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All chemicals or reagents were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich unless specified otherwise. PJ34 was from Santa Cruz, DPQ from Calbiochem, Ac-DVED-CMK, GKT137831, BAPTA-AM and U0126 from Cayman Chemical, CTC and PF431396 from Tocris.

Mortadza S.S., Sim J.A., Stacey M, & Jiang L.H. (2017). Signalling mechanisms mediating Zn2+-induced TRPM2 channel activation and cell death in microglial cells. Scientific Reports, 7, 45032.

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