To determine Salmonella enterica and E. coli, samples (10 g) were prepared by adding 100 mL of phosphate-buffered saline buffer (pH 7.0) and mixed using a stomacher. Then, 0.1 mL of the litter suspension (100) was serially diluted from 101 to 107 dilutions. Serial dilutions were spread-plated on a sterile Petri plate with Difco TM SS agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA) and Difco TM Violet Red Bile agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA) for counting Salmonella enterica and E. coli, respectively. Plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h, after which the colonies as average colony forming units (cfu)/g litter were counted at 1 wk through to 5 wk.
Difco violet red bile agar
Manufactured by BD
Sourced in United States
Difco TM Violet Red Bile agar is a microbiological culture medium used for the isolation and enumeration of Gram-negative, lactose-fermenting bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae, from clinical, food, and environmental samples.
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Lab products found in correlation
2 protocols using difco violet red bile agar
1
Quantitative Microbial Analysis of Litter
2
Quantifying Gut Bacterial Loads
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To measure LAB, Salmonella enterica, and E. coli loads, fecal samples (200 g) were collected monthly from each pen at five random locations and immediately analyzed. Each fecal sample (10 g) was weighed and placed in a stomacher bag containing 90 mL of sterile saline (0.9%) at a dilution of 1:10. Fecal samples were then plated on Difco MRS agar (Difco, Detroit, MI, USA), DifcoTM SS agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA), and DifcoTM Violet Red Bile agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA). The MRS agar plates were incubated in a CO2 incubator (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at 30 °C for 48 h, whereas the SS agar and Violet Red Bile agar plates were incubated for 48 h at 37 °C in an aerobic incubator (Johnsam Corp., Boocheon, Republic of Korea). Visible colonies from the plates were counted, and the number of CFU/g of fecal extract at weeks 0, 30, and 60 was calculated. Microbiological data were transformed to log10.
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