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13 protocols using k3fe cn 6

1

Synthesis of Hollow Mesoporous Prussian Blue Nanoparticles

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All chemicals were of analytical grade and were used without further purification. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K30), potassium ferricyanide (K3 [Fe(CN)6]), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 36.0 %~38.0 %) and perfluorohexane (PFH, Sigma-Aldrich-Co. LLC., St. Louis, MO, US) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. PVP (3.0 g), K3 [Fe(CN)6] (132 mg) and HCl solution (0.01 M, 40 mL) were mixed under magnetic stirring. After achieving a clear solution, the vial was placed in an electric oven at 80 °C for 24 h. Then, by centrifugation and several washes in distilled water, mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (MPBs) were obtained. PVP (5 mg/mL) was added to the solution of MPBs (1 mg/mL) in a Teflon vessel under magnetic stirring. After 3 h, the solution was placed into a stainless steel autoclave in an electric oven at 140 °C for 4 h. After centrifugation, the precipitates were washed in distilled water several times. HMPBs were acquired after freeze-drying.
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2

Breast Cancer Cell Culture Protocol

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NaCl, KCl, Na2HPO4·12H2O, KH2PO4, K3[Fe (CN)6], and K4[Fe (CN)6]·3H2O were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; nitrocellulose filter membranes were purchased from Biosharp Co., Ltd.; and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were purchased from Life Science Institute of Zhejiang University. All chemicals used in this work were analytical grade and used as received. All aqueous solutions were prepared using ultrapure water (ultrapure water produced by Aquelix 5).
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3

Comprehensive Inorganic Chemical Reagents

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Melamine, phenol, formaldehyde solution (37–40 wt%), methanol, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, K2CO3, KNO3, NaNO2, Na2SO4, Na2SO3, Na2S, Na2S2O3, K2Cr2O7, Sodium aceticum (NaAc), KF, KCl, KBr, KI, KMnO4, K3Fe(CN)6, K2FeO4 and Zn(OH)2 were provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Quinine sulfate was purchased from Adamas-beta Inc. (Shanghai, China). All chemicals were of analytical grade and used directly without further purification. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ cm−1) used in this study was obtained from a Millipore water purification system.
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4

Ion Exchange Membrane Preparation and Characterization

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The cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes used in the experiments were CJ-MC-3 and CJ-MA-2, respectively (Hefei ChemJoy Polymers Co., Ltd., Hefei, China). The main properties of the ion exchange membranes are listed in Table 3. Before the experiments, the cation and anion exchange membranes were immersed in a 0.5 mol·L−1 NaCl solution for 24 h to change them into corresponding Na+ and Cl form. The reagents used in the study, including NaCl, NH4Cl, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, K3[Fe(CN)6], and K4[Fe(CN)6], were all analytical grade and purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Deionized water was used throughout the experiments.
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5

Synthesis of Cobalt Nitrate Hexahydrate

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Co(NO3)2·6H2O was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. Other chemicals such as urea, NH4F, K3[Fe(CN)6], and KOH were obtained from Sinopharm Reagent Co., Ltd. All the reagents were directly used without further purification.
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6

Cyanuramide-Based Electrochemical Sensor

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Cyanuramide (C3N6H6), H3BO3, h-BN nanoparticles and chloramphenicol were obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Glucose, ZnCl2, CuCl2·2H2O, NaNO3, NaNO2, NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, KCl, K3[Fe(CN)6], and K4[Fe(CN)6] were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Human serum, dopamine hydrochloride (DA), cysteine (Cys), chlortetracycline (CTC), and acetaminophen (AAP) were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. Chloramphenicol eye drops (Runshu, Specification: 25 mg/10 mL) were produced by BAUSCH & LOMB Freda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Jinan, China). The Al2O3 polishing powder and glassy carbon electrodes (GCE, ϕ = 0.3 cm) were obtained from Shanghai Chenhua Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All reagents were used as received. Deionized (DI) water was adopted for solution preparation throughout the work. Electrochemical tests were conducted in 0.2 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS), which were prepared by mixing an appropriate amount of NaH2PO4 (0.2 M) and Na2HPO4 (0.2 M).
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7

Synthesis and Characterization of Metal-Organic Compounds

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ILs, C12mimCl (purity > 99%), BmimBF4 (purity > 99%), BmimOTf (purity > 99%), BmimPF6 (purity > 99%) and BmimClO4 (purity > 99%) were purchased from the Centre of Green Chemistry and Catalysis, LICP, CAS. Organic salts TBABF4 (purity > 99%) and TBAPF6 (purity > 99%) were also obtained from this company. ZnCl2 (A. R. grade), KCl (A. R. grade), K3Fe(CN)6 (A. R. grade), glycerol (A. R. grade), acetonitrile (A. R. grade), methanol (A. R. grade), DMF (A. R. grade), metal foils (Au, Ag, Pt, Fe, Zn and Cu, purity > 99.99%) were provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, P. R. China. 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC, purity > 99%) were obtained from J & K Scientific Ltd. Toray Carbon Paper (CP, TGP-H-60, 19 × 19 cm) and Nafion N-117 membrane (0.180 mm thick, ≥0.90 meg g–1 exchange capacity) were purchased from Alfa Aesar China Co., Ltd. Before used, the ILs were dried in vacuum oven at 80 °C for 48 h and the water content was less than 0.1 wt% as determined by Karl-Fischer method.25
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8

Electrochemical Lead Detection with Graphene Oxide

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Graphene oxide (GO, 99 wt%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. l-Cysteine (analytical reagent, purity ≥ 99.8%) in this study was obtained from Chinese Institutes for Food and Drug Control. All other chemicals, such as PbNO3, Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, Cu(Ac)2·3H2O, KNO3, K3Fe(CN)6, K4Fe(CN)6, NiSO4·7H2O, Cd(NO3)2·4H2O, and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, were of analytical grade purity (purity ≥ 99.5%) and provided from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Unless otherwise stated, the buffer solution is a 0.1 M KNO3 (pH 5.0). The deionized water was used for all the experiments. And the used all solutions were deoxygenated by nitrogen. CuO nanoneedles/N-doped reduced Graphene oxide (NN-CuO/N-rGO) was synthesized according to our former report.17 (link) Total solution volume used in Pb2+ detection tests was 10 mL in electrolytic cell.
All the electrochemical experiments were executed on a CHI660e electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chenhua Instrument, China) with a conventional three-electrode system. The l-Cys/NN-CuO/N-rGO modified electrode was used as the working electrode. An Ag/AgCl and a platinum wire electrode were used as a reference electrode and auxiliary electrode, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted on a JSM-6700F scanning electron microscope (Japan Electron Company, Japan).
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9

Oligonucleotide Synthesis and Characterization

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All oligonucleotides were synthesized by Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Services Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and were stored at −20°C before usage. The detailed sequences are listed in Table 1. λ-Exo was purchased from Harbin Xinhai Gene Testing Co., Ltd. MB was purchased from Kermel (Tianjin, China). K3Fe(CN)6, K4Fe(CN)6, KCl, and Tris base were purchased from the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), 5× loading buffer for prestained DNA marker was purchased from Generay Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All oligonucleotides and chemicals were dissolved in 10 mM pH 7.4 Tris-HCl buffer containing 0.1 M KCl. All reagents were analytical reagents and prepared in ultrapure water obtained from a Milli-Q water purification system (Bedford, MA).
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10

Biomarker Detection with Gold Nanoparticles

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CA19-9 antibody was obtained from Abcam Co., Ltd., Cambridge, UK. CA19-9 antigen was obtained from Siemens Co., Ltd., Berlin, Germany. N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), chloroauric acid solution (HAuCl4⋅4H2O), C6H5NaO7·2H2O, K4[Fe(CN)6]⋅2H2O, and K3[Fe(CN)6] were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Thionine (C14H13N3O2S) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, St Louis, MO, USA. All chemicals were of analytical grade, and all stock solutions were prepared using deionized or autoclaved water.
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