14c palmitate

Manufactured by American Radiolabeled Chemicals

Sourced in United States

14C-palmitate is a radiolabeled fatty acid compound produced by American Radiolabeled Chemicals. It contains the carbon-14 isotope, which allows for its use in various research and analytical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

2 deoxy 3h d glucose, by American Radiolabeled Chemicals (2 mentions) Orientin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Beta 2 microglobulin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Glut2, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (mtt), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Penicillin streptomycin, by Lonza (1 mentions) Horse serum, by Harvard Bioscience (1 mentions) Propidium iodide stain, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hanks balanced salt solution (hbss), by Lonza (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Harvard Bioscience (1 mentions) 5 5 6 6 tetrachloro 1 1 3 3 tetraethylbenzimi dazolylcarbocyanine iodide jc 1, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Trizol reagent, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Liquid scintillation counter, by Beckman Coulter (1 mentions) Ecoscint h, by National Diagnostics (1 mentions)

4 protocols using 14c palmitate

Orientin Effects on C3A Liver Cells

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Human C3A liver cells (ATTC Cat. No. CRL-10741) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Orientin (≥ 97.0% purity), MTT, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA), while 2-Deoxy-[³H]-D-glucose and ¹⁴C palmitate were obtained from American Radiolabeled Chemicals (St Louis, MO, USA). Eagle’s minimum essential medium (EMEM), Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS, pH 7.4 with calcium and magnesium), penicillin-streptomycin, and ViaLight plus ATP kits were from Lonza (Basel, Switzerland). PCR probes, beta-2 microglobulin (B2m), Pi3k, Irs1, Glut2, Cpt1, and Ampk were purchased from Thermofisher (Waltham Massachusetts, USA). All other cell culture reagents were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA).

Mazibuko-Mbeje S.E., Mthembu S.X., Tshiitamune A., Muvhulawa N., Mthiyane F.T., Ziqubu K., Muller C.J, & Dludla P.V. (2021). Orientin Improves Substrate Utilization and the Expression of Major Genes Involved in Insulin Signaling and Energy Regulation in Cultured Insulin-Resistant Liver Cells. Molecules, 26(20), 6154.

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Measurement of Fatty Acid Oxidation

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Primary hepatocytes were isolated and plated overnight onto 24-well plates (125,000 cell/well) using M199 medium plus 10% dextran/charcoal stripped FBS. The next day the cells were washed twice with warm PBS and the medium was changed to serum-free M199 for 2h. 500µl of serum-free M199 medium containing 0.4 µCi [¹⁴C]-palmitate (American Radiolabeled Chemicals Inc; 55 μCi/μmol), 200 µM palmitate conjugated with FA-free BSA, and 1mM carnitine were added to each well. The plate was sealed with parafilm and incubated at 37°C for 3h. 400 µl of medium were then transferred to acidification vials containing 200 μL 1 M perchloric acid and filter papers soaked with 20 μL of 1 M NaOH to trap the [¹⁴C]CO₂ produced by complete oxidation of radiolabeled palmitate. The tubes were shaken for 1 h at room temperature. Partially oxidized acid soluble metabolites ([¹⁴C]ASM) were separated by centrifugation at 14,000 g for 10 min at 4 °C. Aliquots of the supernatants (400 μL) and paper filters were placed into separate vials and subjected to scintillation counting. Total oxidation rates were calculated as sum of partial and complete oxidation rates.

Mendoza A., Tang C., Choi J., Acuña M., Logan M., Martin A.G., Al-Sowaimel L., Desai B.N., Tenen D.E., Jacobs C., Lyubetskaya A., Fu Y., Liu H., Tsai L., Cohen D.E., Forrest D., Wilson A.A, & Hollenberg A.N. (2021). Thyroid hormone signaling promotes hepatic lipogenesis through the transcription factor ChREBP. Science signaling, 14(709), eabh3839.

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Aspalathin and PPAG Cardiomyoblast Analysis

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Aspalathin (ca. 98%, batch SZI-356-54) and PPAG (99% purity; batch: MC1(2)-248–91D) were obtained from High Force Research (Durham, UK). Embryonic ventricular rat heart derived H9c2 cardiomyoblasts (CRL-1446) were from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA); 14C-palmitate and 2-deoxy-[³H]-D-glucose were from American Radiolabeled Chemicals (St. Louis, MI, USA); fetal bovine serum (FBS) and horse serum were from Biochrom (Berlin, Germany); Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS), and Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) were from Lonza (Basel, Switzerland); 2′, 7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent dye was from Cell Biolabs Inc. (San Diego, CA, USA); and 7-amino-4chloromethylcoumarin (CellTracker Blue CMAC) and TRIzol reagent were from Invitrogen Corp. (Carlsbad, CA, USA). All other chemicals, including 5,5′6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and propidium iodide stain were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA).

Dludla P.V., Muller C.J., Louw J., Mazibuko-Mbeje S.E., Tiano L., Silvestri S., Orlando P., Marcheggiani F., Cirilli I., Chellan N., Ghoor S., Nkambule B.B., Essop M.F., Huisamen B, & Johnson R. (2020). The Combination Effect of Aspalathin and Phenylpyruvic Acid-2-O-β-d-glucoside from Rooibos against Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiac Damage: An In Vitro Study. Nutrients, 12(4), 1151.

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Measuring Muscle Fatty Acid Oxidation

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Rates of fatty acid oxidation in muscle tissues were measured by degradation of ¹⁴C-palmitate (American Radiolabeled Chemicals; St. Louis, MO, USA) into ¹⁴C acid soluble metabolites (ASM) and ¹⁴C-labeled CO₂^{46 (link),48}. Briefly, gastrocnemius muscle strips were collected from 6 h fasted mice. Tissues were kept on ice no longer than 30 min. Muscle tissues were minced and homogenized in a Dounce homogenizer followed by centrifugation for 10 min at 420 × g. Supernatants were transferred to microtubes containing 0.4 μCi ¹⁴C-palmitate/500 μM palmitate conjugated with 0.7% fatty acid-free BSA and incubated at 37 °C for 30 min. ¹⁴C-labeled CO₂ produced by TCA cycle was captured onto filter paper soaked with 1 M NaOH and ¹⁴C-labeled ASM were separated with 1 M perchloric acid. ¹⁴C-labeled CO₂ in the filter paper and ¹⁴C-labeled ASM in the supernatant were dissolved in Ecoscint H (National Diagnostics; Atlanta, GA, USA) and were counted using a liquid scintillation counter (Beckman Coulter; Danvers, MA).

Druzak S.A., Tardelli M., Mays S.G., El Bejjani M., Mo X., Maner-Smith K.M., Bowen T., Cato M.L., Tillman M.C., Sugiyama A., Xie Y., Fu H., Cohen D.E, & Ortlund E.A. (2023). Ligand dependent interaction between PC-TP and PPARδ mitigates diet-induced hepatic steatosis in male mice. Nature Communications, 14, 2748.

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