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11 protocols using anti panck

1

Immunohistochemical Staining of Lymph Nodes

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After I2-IK-enhanced micro-CT imaging, all LNs were embedded in paraffin using the standard method. Then, a series of 4-μm sections were prepared according to CT image data. For H&E staining, all sections were stained by an automatic, pathological section staining machine. For pan-CK immunohistochemical staining, paraffin sections were deparaffinized and dehydrated using a series of graded ethanol. For antigen retrieval, the sections were heated in a microwave oven with a 10 mM citrate buffer solution (pH = 6) for 10 min. Endogenous peroxidase activity was quenched by incubating the sections in 0.3% H2O2 for 5 min. After being blocked with 3% bovine serum albumin for 1 h at room temperature, the sections were incubated with anti-pan-CK (1:400, Cat. no. ab80826, Abcam) primary antibodies at 4° overnight and gently washed three times in 1× phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Sample sections were then incubated with goat-antimouse second antibody (1:10,000, Cat. no. ab205719, Abcam) for 2 h at room temperature. The signal was developed using the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) substrate 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB). Nuclear counterstain was done using hematoxylin.
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2

Multiparametric Immunofluorescence Profiling

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Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections were prepared. Samples were stained using an Opal automation mIF detection kit (Akoya, Tokyo, Japan). The following antibodies were used: anti-CD163 (Abcam, Cat#ab182422), anti-CD8 (Abcam, Cat# ab178089), anti-CD68 (Abcam, Cat#ab213363), anti-PD-1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#86183S), anti-PD-L1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#13684S), and anti-panCK (Abcam, Cat#ab7753), CD20 (Daco, Cat#L26 IR604), CD3 (Daco, Cat#A0452 IR503), CD56 (Abcam, Cat#ab75813), CD4 (Abcam, Cat# ab133616), FoxP3 (Abcam, Cat# ab20034), and panCK. The Vectra Polaris Automated Quantitative Pathological Imaging System (Akoya) was used to overlay false colors on images from different channels. Tumor and stroma areas were divided according to cytokeratin (CK)-labeled tumor cells and nuclei stained with 4′-6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Results are reported as percentages (immune subset cells/total cells of DAPI).
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3

Cell Staining and Organoid Imaging

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Cell staining with MitoTracker Red (Thermo Fisher Scientific, M22425), CellLight Plasma Membrane-RFP (Thermo Fisher Scientific, C10505), and BODIPY 493/503 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, D3922) was performed according to manufacturer’s instructions. For immunofluorescence, fixed and permeabilized cells were incubated with primary antibodies: anti-PanCK (1:200 dilution, Abcam, ab7753) plus anti-CD133 (1:200 dilution; MilliporeSigma, ZRB1013). Secondary antibodies (Abcam; ab150113 [goat anti-mouse IgG H&L, Alexa Fluor 488], ab150077 [goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L, Alexa Fluor 488]) were used at 1:1,000 dilution. Cell nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342 for 15 minutes at room temperature. For PDO staining, organoids were embedded with OTC and were sectioned (5 mm), deparaffinized, and stained for histological analysis or immunofluorescence. Images were visualized with confocal microscopy (Nikon) and deconvolved with ImageJ software (NIH).
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4

Immunofluorescence and Dual IHC of NSCLC Biopsies

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The cryosections of lung biopsy samples from NSCLC patients were prepared by standard OCT-based method. The sections from tumor-rich or tumor-poor areas of the same patient were processed for immunofluorescence staining using anti-CD3 (Biolegend), anti-CD8 (Abcam), anti-panCK (Abcam), and anti–TLT-1 (R&D Systems) primary antibodies followed by immunofluorophore-tagged secondary antibodies (Alexa Fluor 488 for CD3 primary, Alexa Fluor 594 for TLT-1 primary, BV-421 for CD8 primary, and Cy-5 for panCK primary). The stained sections were viewed under a spinning disk confocal microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti) under the same software settings for all sections to be compared and images were captured using Volocity v6.3.
The dual immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed by using kit-based method for dual staining as per the manufacturer’s instructions (Vector Biosciences). The two primary antibody combinations i.e., CD4 and TLT-1 or CD8 and TLT-1 were used followed by conjugated secondary antibodies and counterstaining using Gill’s hematoxylin stain. The tumor sections were observed under a Nikon 80i microscope. The tumor nests were used for quantification by the observer blinded to experimental groups in consultation with a pathologist.
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5

Multiplex Immunohistochemistry of Colon Cancer

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Paraffin sections of colon cancer tissues were collected and used for mIHC with an Opal 7-colour kit (PerkinElmer, NEL811001KT). For the first and subsequent rounds antigen epitope retrieval was performed in EDTA (pH 8.0) buffer using a microwave at the lowest power for 15 min. The slides were cooled to room temperature, and washed with TBST (three times, 3 min). Then, the slides were blocked with antibody diluent/block buffer for 10 min and incubated with primary antibody at 4 °C overnight. The following primary antibodies were used: anti-pan-CK (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, ab27988,); anti-HDAC6 (Cell Signaling Technology, USA, 7558); anti-CD68(Invitrogen, CA, USA, 14-0688-82); and anti-CD163(Abcam, ab182422). The next day, the slides were placed at room temperature and incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibody for 10 min after being washed with TBST three times. The slides were treated with TSA dye for 10 min, and then microwaved for epitope retrieval to label with the next antibody. Finally, the nuclei were stained with DAPI for 10 min at room temperature.
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6

Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Profiling of Tumor Samples

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Formalin fixed tumor samples were sectioned, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), or the following antibodies: anti-Ki67 (mouse: D3B5, Cell Signaling Technology; human: MIB-1, Dako), anti-PAX8 (Proteintech Cat# 10336–1-AP, RRID:AB_2236705), anti-p53 (mouse: CM5, Novacastra; human: DO-7, Dako), anti-PanCK (mouse: polyclonal, Abcam; human: AE1/3, Dako), anti-vimentin (Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 5741, RRID:AB_10695459), anti-HMGA2 (Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 8179, RRID:AB_11178942), anti–N-cadherin (Abcam Cat# ab18203, RRID:AB_444317), anti-ZEB1 (Novus Cat# NBP1–05987, RRID:AB_2273178), anti-human CD8 (C8/144B, Dako). H&E and IHC slides were scanned digitally at ×20 magnifications using the Pannoramic 1000 scanner (3DHISTECH Ltd.). Ki67 and CD8 IHC were quantified using CellProfiler (Broad Institute).
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7

Multiplex Immunofluorescence Histology

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Antibodies such as anti-CD8 (CST70306, Cell Signaling Technology, United States), anti-CD56 (CST3576), anti-panCK (CST4545), anti-S100 (ab52642, Abcam, UK), anti-HLA-DR (ab92511), and anti-CD68 (BX50031, Biolynx, China) were used in mIF using the PANO 7-plex IHC kit (Panovue, Beijing, China), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The Mantra System (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, United States) was used to scan the stained slides and reconstruct the images of the sections. inForm image analysis software (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, United States) was used to quantify the cells in the images.
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8

Antibody Panel for Multimodal Protein Analysis

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Primary antibodies used in this study are anti-Top1 (Abcam, ab109374), anti-BRD4 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A301985A), anti-H3K36me3 (Abcam, ab9050), anti-H3K27ac (Abcam, ab177178), anti-CSTF64 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A301092A), anti–RNAPII–Ser2-P (Abcam, ab5095), anti–total RNAPII (Abcam, ab817), anti-γH2AX for in vitro IF (Sigma-Aldrich, 05-636), anti-γH2AX for mIF (Cell Signaling Technology, 9718S), anti-p27 (Abcam, ab32034), anti-BrdU (Becton Dickinson, 555627), anti–cleaved caspase 3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9664 L), and anti-PanCK (Abcam, ab6401). Secondary antibodies are anti-mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A11029) and anti-rabbit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A32790) Alexa Fluor 488–conjugated antibodies.
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9

Multiplex Immunofluorescence Profiling of Tumor Microenvironment

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Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue paired slides were prepared. Samples were stained using an Opal automation mIF detection kit (Akoya, Tokyo, Japan). A total of 6 markers were labeled in one seven-color multiplex panel. The following antibodies were used for one panel: anti-CD163 (Abcam Cat#ab182422), anti-CD8 (Abcam Cat# ab178089), anti-CD68 (Abcam Cat#ab213363), anti-PD-1 (Cell Signaling Technology Cat#86183S), anti-PD-L1 (Cell Signaling Technology Cat#13684S), and anti-panCK (Abcam Cat#ab7753). The labeled slides were scanned using a Vectra Polaris Automated Quantitative Pathology Imaging System (Akoya), and images from different channels were false-colored and superimposed. Tumor and stromal areas were divided based on CK-labeled tumor cells, and the cell nuclei were counterstained with 4′–6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The results are reported as percentages (immune subset cells/total cells of DAPI) and density (cells/mm2) of each individual cell subpopulation in the tumor or stromal area.
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10

Antibody Panel for Multimodal Protein Analysis

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Primary antibodies used in this study are anti-Top1 (Abcam, ab109374), anti-BRD4 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A301985A), anti-H3K36me3 (Abcam, ab9050), anti-H3K27ac (Abcam, ab177178), anti-CSTF64 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A301092A), anti–RNAPII–Ser2-P (Abcam, ab5095), anti–total RNAPII (Abcam, ab817), anti-γH2AX for in vitro IF (Sigma-Aldrich, 05-636), anti-γH2AX for mIF (Cell Signaling Technology, 9718S), anti-p27 (Abcam, ab32034), anti-BrdU (Becton Dickinson, 555627), anti–cleaved caspase 3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9664 L), and anti-PanCK (Abcam, ab6401). Secondary antibodies are anti-mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A11029) and anti-rabbit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A32790) Alexa Fluor 488–conjugated antibodies.
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