All reagents used are HPLC grade. Ultrapure deionized water, with resistivity of 18.2 megaohm-cm was obtained from a Milli-Q® Integral water purification system with Q-pod (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Formic acid was purchased from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). Ethanol, acetonitrile and mEthanol from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ammonium acetate, acetone and 2-propanol were purchased from Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). The SPE cartridges Waters Oasis HLB (200 mg) from Waters S.p.A. (Milan, Italy). Standard solutions of gallic acid, ascorbic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, epicatechin, vanillic acid, coumaric acid and hydroxybenzoic acid were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France); quercetin, rutin, apigenin, luteolin, ferulic acid, kaempferol, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, glucose, N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and pyridine were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich S.r.l. (Milan, Italy).
Coumaric acid
Manufactured by Extrasynthese
Sourced in France
Coumaric acid is a phenolic compound that can be isolated and purified using laboratory equipment. It is a natural product found in various plant sources.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Caffeic acid, by Extrasynthese (5 mentions)
Catechin, by Extrasynthese (4 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Extrasynthese (4 mentions)
Quercetin, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Vanillic acid, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Ferulic acid, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Hydroxybenzoic acid, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Oleic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ferulic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Linoleic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Palmitic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Stearic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rutin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Apigenin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Luteolin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pyridine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using coumaric acid
1
Extraction and Profiling of Phytochemicals
2
Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds
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The water used was purified in ultrapure Millipore Milli-Q (18.2 MΩ cm, Millipore, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, formic acid, tartaric acid and trifluoroacetic acid were purchased from Interchim (Montluçon, France) at the highest grade of purity. A caustic soda solution at 50% (w/w) was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Pure standards of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, catechin, (2)-epicatechin, dimer B1 and B2, caftaric acid, gentisic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid were obtained from Extrasynthèse (Genay, France).
3
Phenolic Compounds Extraction and Analysis
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HPLC grade acetonitrile, 2-propanol, n-hexane, methanol, formic and acetic acid were purchased from Scharlau (Scharlab SL, Spain). Reference standards for the phenolic compounds analysis: Ferulic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid and apigenin-7-O-glucoside were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay, France), while p-hydroxybenzoic acid, sinapic acid, catechin, and procyanidin B2 were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronytril) and 6-hydroxy-2- 5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid used in ORAC assay were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl reagent were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA) to DPPH test. All other reagents used were of analytical grade from Scharlau (Scharlab SL, Spain). Deionized water was obtained from a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
4
Comprehensive Analytical Procedures for Functional Compounds
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Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was purchased from Scharlau Chemie (Barcelona, Spain). All vitamins, fat‐soluble (α‐tocopherol, retinol acetate, and cholecalciferol) and water‐soluble vitamins (ascorbic acid, thiamine, folic acid, pyridoxine, nicotinamide, and cobalamin) were purchased from Accustandard (New Haven, Conn., U.S.A.). All standard phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, coumaric acid, catechin, catechol, cyanidine chloride, gallic acid, genistein, hesperidin, and quercetin) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France) and chlorophylls and zeaxanthin from DHI (Hørsholm, Denmark). Milli‐Q water was obtained using a Millipore purification system (Millipore, Bedford, Mass., U.S.A.). Methanol [high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)‐grade] was purchased from LabScan (Dublin, Ireland).
Standard solutions (3 mg/mL) were prepared using solutions of 0.01% TFA in water (polar vitamins, caffeic acid, and gallic acid), Methanol:water (the rest of phenolic compounds) or Methanol (pigments and fat‐soluble vitamins) and stored in darkness under freezing conditions (−20 °C) until use.
Standard solutions (3 mg/mL) were prepared using solutions of 0.01% TFA in water (polar vitamins, caffeic acid, and gallic acid), Methanol:water (the rest of phenolic compounds) or Methanol (pigments and fat‐soluble vitamins) and stored in darkness under freezing conditions (−20 °C) until use.
5
Antioxidant Compound Extraction and Analysis
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Gallic acid, quercetin, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium carbonate, aluminum chloride and sodium acetate were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). LC-MS grade acetonitrile, water and formic acid were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). High-purity (≥98%) HPLC reference standards (Gallic acid, catechin, α-punicalagin, ellagic acid, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, pelargonidin, vanillic acid, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France).
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