For real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), 10
6 astrocytes were cultivated in a
6-well plate (NUNC, Roskilde, Denmark), infected with
T. cruzi (MOI 1:1), and cultivated as described above. After 4 h of culture, astrocytes were washed with warm PBS to remove debris, harvested by gentle scraping with a rubber policeman, and frozen in
RNAlater (# AM7021, Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Total RNA was extracted using
TRI-Reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), after the complete removal of
RNAlater. All reverse transcriptase reactions were performed using the
SuperScript VILO cDNA Synthesis Kit (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and real-time RT-qPCR was performed on a
Real-Time PCR System (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) using
TaqMan gene expression kits (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) for
Tnf (# Mm00443258_m1) and
Tnfr1 (#Mm00441883_g1), as well as the endogenous housekeeping control genes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (# Mm99999915_g1) and
β actin (# Mm00607939_s1), purchased from Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA, USA). The reactions were performed and analyzed as described previously [28 (
link)].
Silva A.A., Silva R.R., Gibaldi D., Mariante R.M., dos Santos J.B., Pereira I.R., Moreira O.C, & Lannes-Vieira J. (2017). Priming astrocytes with TNF enhances their susceptibility to Trypanosoma cruzi infection and creates a self-sustaining inflammatory milieu. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 14, 182.