Spectrum 100 series

X-ray diffraction
(XRD) using a DMAX-3A, instrument with Cu Kα radiation at a
wavelength of 1.54 Å was employed to investigate the structural
and phase analysis of the CaCrO₄ chromite. The XRD spectrum
was scanned in a 2θ range of 10–80° with a step
size of 0.05°. The morphology of the sample was examined using
field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Zeiss Merlin),
and the elemental composition was determined by the energy-dispersive
X-ray (EDX) study. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was conducted
using a ULVAC-PHI Quantera II instrument with Al K source having an
energy of 1486.6 eV to explore the chemical states of the elements
in the sample. The high-resolution spectra were fitted using the CasaXPS
software (Ver. 2.3.22PR1.0). The Shirley-type background with a Gaussian–Lorentzian
spectral line shape (30% Lorentzian component) was used in the curve-fitting
method. The binding energy of the “neutral” C peak,
including the C–C and C–H components, was used to calibrate
XPS spectra at 285.0 eV. FT-IR spectroscopy (Perkin Elmer Spectrum
100 series) was utilized to examine the chemical bonds and functional
groups in the sample. The photocatalytic performance of the CaCrO₄ catalyst against rhodamine B dye was evaluated using a UV–Vis
spectrometer (Data Stream 3000 series) with different time intervals
ranging from 20 to 140 min with a time difference of 20 min.

ATR-FTIR spectra were collected
using a PerkinElmer Spectrum 100 series FTIR spectrometer in the mid-IR
range from 4000 to 400 cm^–1. The spectra were collected
for the intact silane deposited on the steel surface, the residue
of the biotic medium, and the corrosion product film that developed
on the silane-coated specimen pre-exposed to the anaerobic chloride
solution with SRB (biotic). For each test, 64 scans were performed
with a spectral resolution of 4 cm^–1. Prior to the
collection of FTIR spectra, background scans were performed to be
subtracted from the collected FTIR spectra.

A Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (Spectrum 100 series, PerkinElmer, Beaconsfield, UK) was used to obtain infrared spectra of the film samples. The analysis was conducted at wavelength range of 4000 to 380 cm⁻¹ at spectra resolution of 4 cm⁻¹ in the infrared region.

Unless otherwise noted, all operations were performed without taking precautions to exclude air and moisture. The glass equipment was heated under vacuum in order to remove oxygen and moisture and then they were filled with argon. Starting compounds and reagents were obtained from Merck, Fluka, Alfa Aesar and Acros Organics; pyridine, PdCl₂ were obtained from Alfa Aesar and dichloromethane, acetonitrile, ethanol, diethyl ether, toluene, pyridine were obtained from Merck and Ridel de Haen. Catalytic reactions for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions were carried out under argon gas on Carousel 12 Plus Reaction Station system. ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian AS 400 Mercury instrument. FTIR spectra were recorded on a PerkinElmer Spectrum 100 series. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and metal mapping analyses were collected on a Thermo Scientific Apreo S.