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7 protocols using acquity ultra performance lc uplc system

1

Quantification of S1P Levels in Plasma

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Fractionated plasma samples were mixed with an internal standard solution (100 ng/mL of pioglitazone), followed by deproteinization with 4 volumes of methanol and 4 volumes of acetonitrile. After centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 5 min, deproteinized supernatants were evaporated using a Speed-Vac concentrator (Kubota, Tokyo, Japan), and the dried samples were dissolved in methanol. To quantify the S1P concentrations in each sample, LC/MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring analyses were conducted on a XEVOTM Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer coupled to an ACQUITY Ultra Performance LC (UPLC) System with an integral autoinjector (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). The XEVO spectrometer was run in electrospray ionization-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring mode at a source temperature of 120 °C and a desolvation temperature of 350 °C. The sample temperature was maintained at 4 °C and the column temperature was maintained at 50 °C. The mobile phases were 0.1% formic acid solution (solvent A) and liquid chromatography-grade acetonitrile (Sigma Aldrich, Inc., St Louis, MO, USA) (solvent B). The UPLC and mass spectrometer conditions are shown in Supplementary Table S1.
Data analyses were performed using MassLynxNT software version 4.1 (Waters).
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2

Metabolite Profiling by LC-ESI-MS

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Each of the separated fractions by HPLC was subjected to an LC-ESI-MS analysis using a SQD single quadrupole mass spectrometer (Waters) equipped with the ACQUITY ultraperformance LC (UPLC) system (Waters). The sample injection volumes of 5 μl each were separated on Develosil HB C30-UG (2.0 mm × 100 mm, Nomura) at the flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. A gradient of solvent A (water) with solvent B (acetonitrile) was used as follows: 5% B at 0 min, 95% B at 8 min, and 95% B at 13 min. The MS scan was performed in the positive ion mode using nitrogen as the nebulizing gas. The experimental conditions were as follows: ion source temperature, 120 °C; desolvation temperature, 350 °C; cone voltage, 20 eV; desolvation gas flow rate, 800 l/h.
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3

FMISO Metabolite Quantification by LC-MS/MS

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To obtain product ion spectra and determine concentrations of FMISO and its metabolites, tumour homogenates were injected into the LC-MS/MS system. An Acquity ultra-performance LC (UPLC) system (Waters Co., Milford, MA, USA) with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (API 5000™, AB Sciex, Foster City, CA, USA) was used for LC-MS/MS analysis. The LC-MS/MS system was controlled by Analyst 1.4.2 (AB Sciex) software. Chromatographic separation was performed using a YMC-Triart C18 column (50 × 2 mm, 1.7 μm, YMC Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) at 25 °C. Separation was achieved by gradient elution with mobile phase composed of 15 mM ammonium hydrogen carbonate (A) and acetonitrile (B). The analytes were eluted by a 1–95% B linear gradient. The total UPLC run times were 20 and 3 min, at flow rates of 0.2 and 0.5 ml/min for obtaining product ion spectra and determining concentrations, respectively. The autosampler compartment temperature was 4 °C. ESI was performed in the positive-ion mode.
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4

Quantitative Analysis of Hepatic Bile Acids

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Quantitative analysis of hepatic bile acids was measured following published methods with modifications (García-Cañaveras et al., 2012 (link); Xie et al., 2013 (link); Xie et al., 2015 (link)). Mouse liver homogenate samples or standard solutions were mixed with acetonitrile (1:3, v/v) containing internal standards, then the extractions were centrifuged and the supernatants were combined and dried. The dried residues were resuspended in acetonitrile/methanol (95:5, v/v) and centrifuged at 13,500 g at 4°C for 20 min for further solid-phase extraction. The supernatant was transferred to a 96-well plate for LC-MS analysis. A Waters ACQUITY ultra performance LC (UPLC) system equipped with a binary solvent delivery manager and a sample manager (Waters, Milford, MA) was used throughout the study. UPLC-MS raw data obtained with negative mode were analyzed using TargetLynx applications manager version 4.1 (Waters Corp., Milford, MA) to obtain calibration equations and the quantitative concentration of each bile acid in the samples. Total hepatic bile acids were calculated from the sum of individual bile acid species and normalized to tissue weight.
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5

Liver Metabolomics and Lipid Profiling

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The liver samples were harvested and underwent targeted metabolomics profiling analysis. Firstly, Q300 Kit (Metabo-Profile, Shanghai, China) was used to generate all raw metabolites data by UPLC-MS/ MS. Then data was processed at iMAP platform. For another, lipid profiling of liver was also generated on a Waters ACQUITY Ultra-Performance LC (UPLC) system. A Waters XEVO TQ-S mass spectrometry and MassLynx 4.1 software (Waters, Milford, MA) were also used to generate and process data. At first, distribution characteristics of metabolite profile between groups was identified by Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. According to the OPLS-DA model, VIP (variable importance in projection) was obtained and was used for following process. Metabolites with p-value < 0.05 and VIP ≥ 1 were screened as statistically significant metabolites. Following analysis of enriched pathway was performed with selected metabolites.
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6

UPLC-UV Analysis for Sildenafil Identification

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Forty-nine milligrams of the sample was accurately weighed and solved in 5 mL of methanol. Extraction was carried out by the ultrasonication and shaking, each for 15 min. The mixture was centrifuged at 1,710×g for 10 min, and then the supernatant was passed through a 0.2-μm filter (Millex LG; Merck Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA) to obtain a tested solution. Sildenafil and descarbonsildenafil standards were dissolved in methanol. Where necessary, the tested solution was diluted with methanol to obtain an adequate concentration before analysis. LC-UV was conducted on an AC-QUITY ultra-performance LC (UPLC) system with a photodiode array (PDA) detector (Waters Division, Wa- ters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA), using an ACQUI-TY UPLC HSS C18 column (2.1×150 mm i.d., particle size 1.8 μm) (Waters) at 50℃. LC-UV analysis was car- ried out with a binary mobile phase consisting of solvent A [acetonitrile/water/phosphoric acid (100 : 900 : 1, v/v/v) containing 5 mM sodium 1-hexanesulfonate] and solvent B [acetonitrile/water/phosphoric acid (900 : 100 : 1, v/v/v) containing 5 mM sodium 1-hexanesulfonate]. The flow rate was 0.4 mL/min. The linear gradient program was as follows: 0-0.5 min, 8.5% B; 0.5-10.0 min, 8.5-94.7% B; and 10.0-12.25 min, hold at 94.7% B. The scan range of the PDA detector was 210-400 nm.
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7

Quantitative Lipoprotein Drug Binding

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LC/MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring analyses were conducted on a XEVO™ Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer coupled to an ACQUITY Ultra Performance LC (UPLC) System with an integral autoinjector (Waters, Milford, MA). The XEVO spectrometer was run in electrospray ionization-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring mode at a source temperature of 120 °C and a desolvation temperature of 350 °C. Sample temperature was kept at 4 °C, and column temperature was kept at 50 °C. The mobile phases were 0.1% formic acid solution (solvent A) and liquid chromatography-grade acetonitrile (Sigma Aldrich, Inc., St Louis, MO) (solvent B). The UPLC conditions and mass spectrometer conditions are shown in Supplementary Table S2. Data analyses were performed using MassLynxNT software (version 4.1) (Waters).
Drug association with lipoproteins and albumin was calculated by dividing the drug content in the lipoprotein or albumin fraction by the injected serum drug content. The free fraction was obtained from the DrugBank database30 (link). In cases in which the sum of the drug association with lipoprotein, albumin, and free fractions was more or less than 100%, the sum of each association rate was adjusted to 100%.
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