1 1 1 3 3 3 hexafluoro 2 propanol hfip

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, China

1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) is a highly fluorinated organic solvent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a high boiling point. HFIP is commonly used in various laboratory applications due to its unique solvent properties.

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Close spelling variants of this product

3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP; (7 citations) 3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP, (2 citations) Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) (21 citations) 3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (8 citations) 3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (26 citations) Hexafluoro-2-propanol (44 citations) 1-propanol (111 citations) 2-propanol (566 citations)

58 protocols using 1 1 1 3 3 3 hexafluoro 2 propanol hfip

Inhibition of AChE and GSK-3β Activities

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Acetylcholine iodide (ACh),
butyrylthiocholine chloride (BCh), electric eel AChE (EC 3.1.1.7),
horse serum BChE (EC 3.1.1.8), 5,5′-dithiobis[2-nitrobenzoic
acid], quercetin, and berberine were purchased from E. Merck, Fluka,
or Sigma, unless otherwise stated. BACE1 fluorescence resonance energy
transfer (FRET) assay kits (β-secretase) were purchased from
Pan Vera Co. (Madison, WI). Human recombinant GSK-3β was obtained
from ProSpec (ProSpec-Tany TechnoGene Ltd., Ness-Ziona, Israel). The
GSM substrate mimicking muscle glycogen synthase was purchased from
Merck Millipore (Millipore Corporation, CA). Kinase-Glo kits were
obtained from Promega (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Adenosine
5-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate, ammonium hydroxide, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)
piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), ammonium acetate, formic
acid, ethylene glycol-bis(aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetra acetic acid
tetra sodium salt (EGTA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid (EDTA), amyloid-β protein fragments (Aβ_1–40/42), thioflavin T, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), and magnesium
acetate tetrahydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO). All chemicals and solvents from commercial sources were of reagent
grade.

Paudel P., Seong S.H., Zhou Y., Ha M.T., Min B.S., Jung H.A, & Choi J.S. (2019). Arylbenzofurans from the Root Bark of Morus alba as Triple Inhibitors of Cholinesterase, β-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1, and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β: Relevance to Alzheimer’s Disease. ACS Omega, 4(4), 6283-6294.

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Synthesis and Characterization of MPEG-PLA-CL Scaffolds

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The initiator methoxy poly(ethyleneglycol) (MPEG, average molecular weight Mn = 750 g/mol) and the catalyst Sn(Oct)₂ were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used without further purification. Lactide (LA; Boehringer Ingelheim, Blanquefort, France) was recrystallized twice in ethyl acetate, and ε-caprolactone (CL; Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA) was distilled over CaH₂ under reduced pressure. 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP, >99%) was obtained from Fluka (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA) as an electrospinning solvent. Collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum (C7657, >1200 CDU/mg) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Dexamethasone 21-phosphate disodium salt (Dex) and silver-sulfadiazine (AgS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Other materials were used without further purification.

Thao N.T., Lee S., Shin G.R., Kang Y., Choi S, & Kim M.S. (2021). Preparation of Electrospun Small Intestinal Submucosa/Poly(caprolactone-co-Lactide-co-glycolide) Nanofiber Sheet as a Potential Drug Carrier. Pharmaceutics, 13(2), 253.

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Peptide Synthesis and Lipid Preparation

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The peptide sequences derived from the gp41 MPER-TMD region displayed in Figure 1b were produced as C-terminal carboxamides by solid-phase synthesis using Fmoc chemistry and purified by HPLC. PC-based synthetic phospholipids and dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Birmingham, AL, USA). N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-Oxa-1,3-Diazol-4-yl)-1,2-Dihexadecanoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine (NBD-PE) was from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Abberior STAR RED (KK114) was obtained from Abberior (Göttingen, Germany). 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, Missouri, USA).

Torralba J., de la Arada I., Partida-Hanon A., Rujas E., Arribas M., Insausti S., Valotteau C., Valle J., Andreu D., Caaveiro J.M., Jiménez M.A., Apellániz B., Redondo-Morata L, & Nieva J.L. (2022). Molecular recognition of a membrane-anchored HIV-1 pan-neutralizing epitope. Communications Biology, 5, 1265.

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Synthesis of Polymer Nanoparticles

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Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL, M_n 45 kDa), bovine gelatin type B (gel ∼ 225 bloom) in powder form, chloroform (CHCl₃), and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFiP) were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Italy). For the synthesis of PnNs, aniline, ammonium peroxy disulphate (APS), camphor sulphonic acid (CSA), and emeraldine base polyaniline (EB, M_w 10 kDa) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Italy). All chemicals were used as received without additional purification.

Saracino E., Zuppolini S., Guarino V., Benfenati V., Borriello A., Zamboni R, & Ambrosio L. (2021). Polyaniline nano-needles into electrospun bio active fibres support in vitro astrocyte response. RSC Advances, 11(19), 11347-11355.

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Amyloid Aggregation Inhibition Assay

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Fluorescent dye thioflavin T (ThT) “UltraPure Grade” (AnaSpec, Fremont, CA, USA), isopropyl-beta-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG; Fluka, Switzerland), buffer components, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) from Sigma (USA) were used without further purification. For amyloid preparation, Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides from GL Biochem, Shanghai, China, and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, were used. DMEM (glucose 4.5 g/L), fetal bovine serum (FBS), 0.25% trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Gibco (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Culture flasks and 96-well plates (flat bottom) were purchased from Corning (New York, NY, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco BRL (Life Technologies, Paisley, Scotland). The human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) was obtained from the cell bank (The Center of Collective Usage “Collection of Vertebrate Cell Cultures”, Institute of Cytology, RAS)). 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), rhodamine 123, and propidium iodide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Sulatskaya A.I., Rychkov G.N., Sulatsky M.I., Mikhailova E.V., Melnikova N.M., Andozhskaya V.S., Kuznetsova I.M, & Turoverov K.K. (2022). New Evidence on a Distinction between Aβ40 and Aβ42 Amyloids: Thioflavin T Binding Modes, Clustering Tendency, Degradation Resistance, and Cross-Seeding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(10), 5513.

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Expression and Purification of Chitosanase

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Recombinant strain E. coli BL21(DE3)/pET24a(+)-csnA for expressing the chitosanase was previously constructed in our laboratory [16 (link)]. Human IAPP (> 95%) was synthesized by Gen Script (Nanjing, China). Thioflavin T (ThT) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit I was obtained from Vazyme Biotech (Najing, China). Chitosan (C90% deacetylated) was purchased from Qingdao MdBio, Inc. (Qingdao, China). The silica gel plates 60F 254 for thin layer chromatography (TLC) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).

Meng Q.Y., Wang H., Cui Z.B., Yu W.G, & Lu X.Z. (2020). Chitosan Oligosaccharides Attenuate Amyloid Formation of hIAPP and Protect Pancreatic β-Cells from Cytotoxicity. Molecules, 25(6), 1314.

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Wnt2b-Mediated Regulation of Amyloid-β Signaling

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Synthetic human Aβ_1‐42 peptide was purchased from GL Biochem , Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco , mouse recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) was purchased from Cusabio, 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich . The primary antibodies used were rabbit anti‐Wnt2b (ab178418; Abcam), mouse anti‐β‐catenin (ab32572; Abcam); rabbit anti‐phospho‐β‐catenin (Thr41/Ser45) (9565 S; Cell Signaling Technology); rabbit anti‐GSK3β (ab32391; Abcam); rabbit anti‐phospho‐GSK3β (Ser9) (ab75814; Abcam); rabbit anti‐BDNF (ab108319; Abcam); rabbit anti‐SDHB (A10821; ABclonal); mouse anti‐β‐actin (ab6276; Abcam); The secondary antibodies used were Goat Anti‐Rabbit IgG (HRP) (ab205718; Abcam); Goat Anti‐Mouse IgG (HRP) (ab6789; Abcam); Donkey anti‐Rabbit IgG (ab150073; Abcam).

Xu L., Li B., Li F., Quan M., Qin W., Li Y., Li W., Zhao Y., Wei Y, & Jia J. (2023). Upregulation of Wnt2b exerts neuroprotective effect by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 29(7), 1805-1816.

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Lipid and Detergent Reagents for Structural Biology

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DHPC, DPC, 1-myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (LMPG), 1-palmitoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (LPPG), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (sodium salt) (POPS) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). 2,2-didecylpropane-1,3-bis-β-D-maltopyranoside (MNG-3) and Amphipol A8–35 were purchased from Anatrace (Maumee, OH). 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) and N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt (sarkosyl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO). Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) was purchased from Avantor Performance Materials (Deventer, NL). Dihexanoyl-d22-phosphatidylcholine-d9 (d₉DHPC) was purchased from FB Reagents (Boston, MA).

Bugge K., Papaleo E., Haxholm G.W., Hopper J.T., Robinson C.V., Olsen J.G., Lindorff-Larsen K, & Kragelund B.B. (2016). A combined computational and structural model of the full-length human prolactin receptor. Nature Communications, 7, 11578.

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Cannabinoid Effects on Oxidative Stress

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Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) was obtained from Wisent Bioproducts (Montreal, QC, Canada). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) were purchased from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA). Δ9-THC (1 mg mL⁻¹ in methanol) was acquired from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbour, MI, USA). CBD was provided by Lupos Biotechnology Inc. (Toronto, ON, Canada). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reagent, all-trans-retinoic acid, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), Cu(II) chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.9%), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP, 99.0%) and ascorbic acid (AA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Oakville, ON, Canada). All the chemicals used were of analytical grade and used as received.

Raja A., Ahmadi S., de Costa F., Li N, & Kerman K. (2020). Attenuation of Oxidative Stress by Cannabinoids and Cannabis Extracts in Differentiated Neuronal Cells. Pharmaceuticals, 13(11), 328.

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Fabrication of Segmented Polyurethane Biomaterials

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Medical grade segmented thermoplastic polyurethane (PU), Tecoflex^® was purchased from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. (Ohio, OH, USA) The solvents N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and Tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), and metal salts (magnesium sulphate, magnesium chloride, and ferric chloride) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (Castle Hill, Australia). All other chemicals were of analytical grade purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co.

Singh C, & Wang X. (2017). Metal Ion-Loaded Nanofibre Matrices for Calcification Inhibition in Polyurethane Implants. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 8(3), 22.

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