2 2 azobis 2 amidinopropane hydrochloride

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride is a chemical compound used as an initiator in various chemical reactions. It serves as a source of free radicals, which are essential for initiating polymerization processes. The compound's core function is to generate free radicals under specific conditions, such as thermal or UV light exposure.

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Lab products found in correlation

5 protocols using 2 2 azobis 2 amidinopropane hydrochloride

Vero Cell Line Maintenance Protocol

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African monkey kidney cell line (Vero) was purchased from the Korean cell line bank (KCLB, Seoul, Korea). Media for the cell line maintenance (Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640; RPMI-1640) and serum (fetal bovine serum; FBS) including antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin) were purchased from Gibco-BRL (Grand Island, NY, USA). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH), 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrolin N-oxide (DMPO), and α-(4-Pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (POBN) were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). H₂O₂ and FeSO₄.7H₂O used were purchased from Fluka Co. (Buchs, Switzerland). Furthermore, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Jayawardena T.U., Wang L., Sanjeewa K.K., Kang S.I., Lee J.S, & Jeon Y.J. (2020). Antioxidant Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Padina boryana; Protective Effect against Oxidative Stress in In Vitro and In Vivo Zebrafish Model. Marine Drugs, 18(4), 212.

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Graphene Oxide Synthesis and Characterization

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GO was prepared using a modified Hummers method and purified as described previously.⁶⁸ RGO was produced by heating multilayer GO flakes at 250 C for 30 min in nitrogen flow. Few layer graphene (3–5 layers with nominal lateral dimension of 800 nm) was obtained commercially and characterized. Ascorbic acid, titanium (IV) oxide (TiO₂) nanopowders (<25 nm particle size, >99.5 % trace metal basis), iron (II) sulfate haptahydrate (FeSO₄·7H₂O), reduced GSH, D-mannitol, pC60, xanthine, xanthine oxidase from bovine milk grade IV,2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), trichloricacetic acid (TCA), DPPH, 2-deoxy-D-ribose (deoxyribose), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), ABTS, β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 23-phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt hydrate (NADH), phenazinemethosulfate (PMS), xanthine, xanthine oxidase from bovine milk, and NBT were purchased from Sigma Chemicals Co (St. Louis, MO). Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4), and EDTA were purchased from Fisher Scientific Inc. (Pittsburgh, PA). 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) were purchased from Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc. (Rockville, MD). ThioGlo-1 Fluorescent Thiol Reagent is purchased from EMD Millipore Chemical (Darmstadt, Germany), Nanopure water was used throughout.

Qiu Y., Wang Z., Owens A.C., Kulaots I., Chen Y., Kane A.B, & Hurt R.H. (2014). Antioxidant Chemistry of Graphene-Based Materials and its Role in Oxidation Protection Technology. Nanoscale, 6(20), 11744-11755.

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Rice Vinegar Characterization and Antioxidant Assays

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Vinegar was provided by Jiangsu Hengshun Vinegar-Industry Co., Ltd (Jiangshu, China), which is one of the representative rice vinegars in China. Deionized water was prepared by a Millipore Milli-Q water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Blue Dextran (MW: ~500 kDa), and Bromophenol blue (MW: ~670 Da), 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH), 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and DCFH-DA ( ≥ 97% purity) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). ABTS kit was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). DMEM, FBS, streptomycin, PBS and penicillin were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). All the chemicals and solvents, unless otherwise noted, used were of AR grade, and Sepharose CL-4B column (60–2 × 10⁴ kDa) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).

Yu Z., Tan Y., Luo S., Zhou J., Xu T., Zou J., Ke L., Yu J., Zhang S., Zhou J., Rao P, & Li J. (2022). Food nanoparticles from rice vinegar: isolation, characterization, and antioxidant activities. NPJ Science of Food, 6, 1.

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Antioxidant Evaluation of Cellular Assays

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Fetal bovine serum (FBS), trypsin-EDTA, and penicillin-streptomycin (P/S) were purchased from Gibco-BRL (Grand Island, NY, USA). 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acridine orange, DPPH, 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, α-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone, H₂O₂, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 1,3-bis (diphenylphosphino) propane (DPPP), and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH₂-DA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Wang L., Fu X., Hyun J., Xu J., Gao X, & Jeon Y.J. (2023). In Vitro and In Vivo Protective Effects of Agaro-Oligosaccharides against Hydrogen Peroxide-Stimulated Oxidative Stress. Polymers, 15(7), 1612.

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Phenolic Compound Extraction and Analysis

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Solvents used for the extraction and analysis were HPLC grade, namely ethanol, formic acid and acetonitrile, purchased from BDH Prolabo (Lutterworth, UK). Distilled water was of Milli-Q quality (Millipore Corp., Bedford, NY, USA). Anhydrous sodium carbonate (≥99.5%) and sodium phosphate (96%) were obtained from Kemika (Zagreb, Croatia), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), fluorescein sodium salt from Honeywell Riedel-de-Haën (Bucharest, Romania), Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) from Acros Organics (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Geel, Belgium) and 2,2′-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany).
Phenolic compounds of authentic standards of caffeic, gallic, ferulic, chlorogenic and p-coumaric acid, quercetin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside and myricetin were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany); epi catechin, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, epi catechin gallate, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, apigenin and luteolin from Extrasynthese (Genay, France); and quercetin-3-rutinoside from Acros Organics (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Geel, Belgium).

Elez Garofulić I., Kruk V., Martić A., Martić I., Zorić Z., Pedisić S., Dragović S, & Dragović-Uzelac V. (2020). Evaluation of Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Pistacia lentiscus L. Leaves and Fruit Extract Obtained by Optimized Microwave-Assisted Extraction. Foods, 9(11), 1556.

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