Compound c

Sulforaphane (purity > 99%, HY-13755) was obtained from MedChemExpress. H₂O₂ solution (Sigma, 323381) was bought from Sigma Aldrich (USA). Compound C (AbMole, M2238) was purchased from AbMole BioScience (Houston, TX, USA).

Compound C is the selective and reversible AMPK inhibitor 30 (link). EX-527 is the selective SIRT1 inhibitor. The HepG2 cells were seeded into 6-well plates (5×10⁵ cells/well) for 12 h, and then were pre-incubated with presence or absence Compound C (2 mM, AbMole Bioscience, USA) or EX 527 (10 μM, AbMole Bioscience, USA) for 1 h. Next, cells were treated with FFAs for 24 h, and were incubated with FFAs and ATL III for another 24 h 31 (link), 32 (link).

The human leukemic cell lines THP-1, MV4-11, NB-4, HL-60, HEL, Raji, and Jurkat were purchased from the ATCC (ATCC, USA). All cell lines were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640) (Gibco, USA) or Iscoves Modified Dulbecco’s Medium (IMDM) (HyClone, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Evergreen Company, China), 100 U/ml ampicillin, and 100 g/ml streptomycin (Life Technologies) at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ incubator. Solasonine (HPLC≥ 98%) was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China) and Ara-C was obtained from MedChemExpress LLC (Shanghai, China), both were dissolved in dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) to obtain a 100 mmol/L stock solution and stored at −20°C and then diluted in working concentrations before use. Compound C was purchased from AbMole (USA) and dissolved in PBS to 10 mmol/L.