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Propranolol hydrochloride

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Propranolol hydrochloride is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. Propranolol hydrochloride is commonly used in various biochemical and pharmacological research applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Prazosin hydrochloride, by Bio-Techne (3 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Reserpine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Nepicastat, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Losartan, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Phentolamine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pecam1, by Proteintech (1 mentions) Antibodies against α sma, by Abcam (1 mentions) Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate, by MedChemExpress (1 mentions) Antibodies against pcna, by Proteintech (1 mentions) Gw4869, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Antibodies against β actin, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) Tsg101, by Abcam (1 mentions) Calnexin, by Abcam (1 mentions) Gapdh, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) Noradrenaline bitartrate, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Cgp 55845a, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Dl ap5, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Pclamp, by Molecular Devices (1 mentions) Ici 118 511, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)

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Propranolol (29 citations)

8 protocols using propranolol hydrochloride

1

Intraperitoneally Administered Pharmacological Agents

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All drugs were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). These include reserpine (Sigma 83580) dissolved in 0.2% glacial acetic acid to 0.5 mg/ml; nepicastat (Sigma-Aldrich SML0940) suspended as 5mg/ml in saline mixed with 1.5% DMSO, 1.5% Kolliphor; dexmedetomidine (100 mcg/ml Piramal Critical Care, PSLAB-020872-00) diluted to 5mcg/ml in saline, atipazemole made to 0.1mg/ml in saline, atomoxetine hycrochloride (thermoscientific, Cat 467680010) make to 0.3mg/ml in saline, propranolol hydrochloride (Tocris Bioscience Cat. 0624) made to 1mg/ml in sterile water, prazosin hydrochloride (Tocris Bioscience Cat. 0623) made to 1mg/ml in distilled water. Drugs were administered at least 15-20 min prior to experiments unless otherwise noted.
Li L., Rana A., Li E.M., Feng J., Li Y, & Bruchas M.R. (2023). Activity-dependent constraints on catecholamine signaling. bioRxiv.
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2

Molecular Mechanisms of Vascular Remodeling

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Norepinephrine bitartrate monohydrate was obtained from MedChem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). Propranolol hydrochloride and losartan were bought from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, Avon, UK). Phentolamine hydrochloride and GW4869 were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). GW4869 was dissolved in 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). PBS containing 1% DMSO was used as the control. Other chemicals were dissolved in PBS.
Antibodies against α-SMA (1:5000), CD9 (1:1000), TSG101 (1:2000), calnexin (1:2000) and ACE (1:1000) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Antibodies against PCNA (1:5000) and PECAM-1 (1:2000) were obtained from Protein Tech Group Inc. Antibody against CD63 (1:1000) was acquired from Wanleibio. (Shengyang, China). Antibody against vimentin (1:2000) was purchased from Abways Technology, Inc. (Shanghai, China). Antibodies against β-actin (1:10000) and GAPDH (1:10000) were bought from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). These antibodies were used for Western blot analyses. GAPDH and β-actin were used as loading control.
Ye C., Zheng F., Xu T., Wu N., Tong Y., Xiong X.Q., Zhou Y.B., Wang J.J., Chen Q., Li Y.H., Zhu G.Q, & Han Y. (2022). Norepinephrine acting on adventitial fibroblasts stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via promoting small extracellular vesicle release. Theranostics, 12(10), 4718-4733.
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3

Electrophysiological Profiling of Central Amygdala Neurons

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Rats were anesthetized and brain slices prepared (25 (link),27 (link)). Neuronal intrinsic membrane properties and excitability, spontaneous/miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (s/mIPSCs) and spontaneous cell firing were recorded in 236 cells in the medial central amygdala (CeA) (25 (link)–28 (link)). Each experiment includes data from a minimum of 4 rats, with 1–2 cells per animal. Recordings were analyzed with pClamp (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA), MiniAnalysis (Synaptosoft Inc., Fort Lee, NJ) or NeuroExpress software by Dr. A. Szucs (26 (link),29 (link)). Cells were classified as increased, decreased, or no change based on ±20% change in the maximum drug effect from baseline.
DL-AP5, CGP 55845A, DNQX, noradrenaline bitartrate, prazosin hydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride (Tocris, Bristol, UK); bicuculline and tetrodotoxin (TTX; Sigma. St. Louis, MO); and alcohol (Remet, La Mirada, CA) were dissolved in ACSF.
Varodayan F.P., Patel R.R., Matzeu A., Wolfe S.A., Curley D.E., Khom S., Gandhi P., Rodriguez L., Bajo M., D’Ambrosio S., Sun H., Kerr T.M., Gonzales R.A., Leggio L., Natividad L.A., Haass-Koffler C.L., Martin-Fardon R, & Roberto M. (2022). The amygdala noradrenergic system is compromised with alcohol use disorder. Biological psychiatry, 91(12), 1008-1018.
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4

Delivery of Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists for Experimental Studies

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OR486 (Tocris, Ellisville, MO) was dissolved in a 5:3:2 ratio of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 0.9% saline and ethanol.30 (link) For peripheral experiments βAR antagonists propranolol hydrochloride (Tocris, Ellisville, MO), ICI-118,511 (Tocris, Ellisville, MO) and SR59230A (Tocris, Ellisville, MO) were each dissolved in 5:3:2 ratios of DMSO, 0.9% saline and ethanol. For i.t. and i.c.v. experiments, βAR antagonists were dissolved in 0.9% saline. Drug solutions were injected into pumps, which were placed in 15mL conical tubes containing sterile 0.9% saline and primed overnight in a dry heat bath (Lab Armor, Cornelius, OR) at 37°C. All pumps (other than those for i.t. delivery) were attached to corresponding catheters prior to priming. Subcutaneous delivery of OR486 was at a constant rate of 15mg/kg/day for a 2-week period. Peripheral delivery of propranolol hydrochloride was at 9mg/kg/day, ICI-118,511 was at 1.5mg/kg/day and SR59230A was at 1.67mg/kg/day. I.t. delivery of propranolol hydrochloride was at 50ug/day for the low dose experiments and 100ug/day for the high dose experiments; ICI-118,511 was at 30ug/day; and SR59230A was at 20ug/day. I.c.v. delivery of propranolol hydrochloride was at 50ug/day for the low dose experiments and 100ug/day for the high dose experiments; ICI-118,511 was at 30ug/day; and SR59230A was at 20ug/day.
Ciszek B.P., O'Buckley S.C, & Nackley. A.G. (2016). Persistent COMT-dependent pain is initiated by peripheral, but not spinal or central, β2- and β3- adrenergic receptors. Anesthesiology, 124(5), 1122-1135.
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5

Pharmacological Modulation of Monoaminergic Systems

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Ketamine and xylazine were obtained from Midwest Veterinary Supply (Lakeville, MN). Meloxicam was obtained from Norbrook Laboratories (Overland Park, KS). Atomoxetine hydrochloride (1044469) and fluoxetine hydrochloride (F132) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Citalopram hydrobromide (1427), reboxetine mesylate (1982), N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine hydrochloride (DSP-4,2958), prazosin hydrochloride (0623), (S)-duloxetine hydrochloride (4798), propranolol hydrochloride (0624), and (R)-(−)-phenylephrine hydrochloride (2838) were obtained from Tocris Biosciences (Minneapolis, MN). Fluoxetine, citalopram, prazosin, and reboxetine were dissolved in 1% DMSO. DSP-4, phenylephrine, atomoxetine, propranolol, and duloxetine were dissolved in saline (0.9% NaCl).
Kruse S.W., Dayton K.G., Purnell B.S., Rosner J.I, & Buchanan G.F. (2019). Effect of monoamine reuptake inhibition and α1 blockade on respiratory arrest and death following electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Epilepsia, 60(3), 495-507.
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6

Caco-2 Cell-Based Permeability Assay

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Caco-2 cells (Passage #47) and FITC-dextran were purchased from Millipore Sigma (Sigma-Aldrich Inc, St. Louis, MO, USA). Propranolol hydrochloride, metoprolol tartrate, and atenolol were obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bio-Techne Corporation, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Corning® Transwell™ 24-well plates with permeable polyester membrane inserts (6.5 mm diameter and 0.4 μm pore size), GIBCO™ TrypLE™ express enzyme (1X, no phenol red), trypan blue solution (0.4%), Corning™ Matrigel® growth factor reduced (GFR) basement membrane matrix (phenol-red-free, LDEV-free) for organoid culture, Fetal bovine serum (FBS), and GIBCO Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bedford, MA, USA).
Sahoo D.K., Martinez M.N., Dao K., Gabriel V., Zdyrski C., Jergens A.E., Atherly T., Iennarella-Servantez C.A., Burns L.E., Schrunk D., Volpe D.A., Allenspach K, & Mochel J.P. (2023). Canine Intestinal Organoids as a Novel In Vitro Model of Intestinal Drug Permeability: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Cells, 12(9), 1269.
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7

Chemogenetic Manipulation of Brain Activity

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2-Deoxy-D-glucose (Tocris catalog# 4515) was used at a 500 mg/Kg dose. CNO (Enzo Life Sciences, catalog# BML-NS105) was used at a 10 mg/Kg dose when used in combination with the inhibitory DREADDs virus and a dose of 0.75 mg/Kg in combination with the excitatory DREADDs virus. Propranolol hydrochloride (Tocris catalog# 0624) at a concentration of 30 µM was used to block beta adrenergic receptors in acute brain slices.
Sofia Beas B., Gu X., Leng Y., Koita O., Rodriguez-Gonzalez S., Kindel M., Matikainen-Ankney B.A., Larsen R.S., Kravitz A.V., Hoon M.A, & Penzo M.A. (2020). A ventrolateral medulla-midline thalamic circuit for hypoglycemic feeding. Nature Communications, 11, 6218.
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8

Inflammatory Response Reagent Sourcing

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Propranolol hydrochloride was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). Epinephrine, norepinephrine, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, from Escherichia coli O111:B4, cat. L4391), formoterol fumarate dihydrate (Foradil), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), sodium butyrate, yohimbine, and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO).
Zhong X.S., Winston J.H., Luo X., Kline K.T., Nayeem S.Z., Cong Y., Savidge T.C., Dashwood R.H., Powell D.W, & Li Q. (2018). Neonatal Colonic Inflammation Epigenetically Aggravates Epithelial Inflammatory Responses to Injury in Adult Life. Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 6(1), 65-78.
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