Alcalase, Flavorzyme, Neutrase, and Protamex were purchased from Novozymes (Bagsvaerd, Denmark). Bromeline and Papain were purchased from Daesong Sangsa (Seoul, Korea). All chemicals for antioxidant and anti-aging tests were purchased from the Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company (St. Louis, MS, USA). All other reagents and solvents used in this study were of analytical grade.
Alcalase
Manufactured by Novozymes
Sourced in Denmark, China, United States
Alcalase is a proteolytic enzyme produced by Novozymes. It is an endopeptidase that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in proteins. Alcalase can be used in various industrial applications that require protein hydrolysis.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Protamex, by Novozymes (23 mentions)
Flavourzyme, by Novozymes (21 mentions)
Neutrase, by Novozymes (12 mentions)
Pepsin, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Papain, by Novozymes (5 mentions)
Flavorzyme, by Novozymes (4 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Trypsin, by Novozymes (3 mentions)
Ficin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Papain, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Trypsin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Pancreatin from porcine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Pepsin from porcine gastric mucosa, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Collagen type 1 from rat tail tendon, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trifluoroacetic acid tfa, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Leucine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sephadex g 25, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl dpph, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
66 protocols using alcalase
1
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Proteins
2
Polyclonal Antibody Production for Dairy Proteins
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Casein (purity > 85%), ɑ‐LA (purity > 85%), β‐LG (purity > 85%), alkaline phosphatase‐conjugated goat anti‐rabbit IgG antibodies, Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvant, o‐phthalaldehyde (OPA), dithiothreitol (DTT), o‐phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (OPD), Papain and Pepsin were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Alcalase, Neutrase, Protamex, and Flavourzyme were purchased from Novozymes. Three types of rabbit serum comprising polyclonal antibodies targeting CN, ɑ‐LA, β‐LG were prepared at the Shenyang Agricultural University.
3
Extraction of rice starch and fish proteins
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Arrozeira Pelotas (Pelotas, RS, Brazil) was the supplier of broken rice grains (Oryza Sativa L.) for starch extraction. The fish species Whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) and Argentine croaker (Umbrina canosai) were acquired from local processing industries (Rio Grande, RS, Brazil). The biomolecules of starch from rice and proteins from the Whitemouth croaker were extracted as described previously [16 (link)]. The enzyme Alcalase® was supplied by Novozymes Latin America (Araucária, Brazil). Sliced Italian salami was obtained in a local market (Rio Grande, RS, Brazil). Polypropylene bags were from Labplas (Sainte-Julie, QC, Canada). All the chemicals employed in the assays were of analytical grade.
4
Skate Skin Hydrolysis and Deodorization Protocol
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The skin of a skate (R. kenojei) was frozen and used as raw material. It was defrosted and washed with running tap water, then extracted with high pressure for 1.5 h at 121 °C following the addition of water to the pressure tank. After freezing at -50 °C for 2 h and adding 0.1% Alcalase (Novozymes, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) and Flavorzyme (Novozymes), the skin sample was hydrolyzed for 2 h and then deodorized for 30 min at 75 °C using activated carbon, followed by filtering and concentrating at 60 °C under reduced pressure. After freezedrying, a CPSS was obtained as the final raw material. The CPSS was prepared immediately before treatment by suspending it in sterile distilled water for treatment.
5
Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Chicken Byproducts
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Chicken combs and wattles were acquired from a slaughterhouse located in the state of Paraíba (Brazil). The enzyme Alcalase (Bacillus licheniformis) was supplied by Novozymes Latino Americana Ltda. (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Other chemicals and reagents were obtained from Merk, (Sao Paulo, Brazil).
6
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Blood Proteins
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The blood proteins obtained in the previous steps were subjected to single
protease hydrolysis using the following proteases: alcalase, flavourzyme,
neutrase, protamex, papain, and trypsin (Novozymes, Bagsvaerd, Denmark). The
characteristics of commercial enzymes used in this study were decribed inTable 1 . In brief, 1 g of blood protein was
dissolved in 50 mL of 25 mM sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 M monobasic sodium
phosphate+0.2 M dibasic sodium phosphate), which was adjusted to pH 7.0
with 1 N NaOH and 1 N HCl. The mixture was homogenized with a homogenizer (T-25
basic, Ika Works, Wilmington, NC, USA). To determine the optimum hydrolysis time
for each protease, blood protein solutions were hydrolyzed with each protease in
a 50℃ water bath for 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, or 5 h. The proteases
were added at a ratio of 1% for a particular blood protein. After
completion of hydrolysis, the solutions were heated in boiling water for 3 min
to inactivate the proteases. The mixture was centrifuged at 8,000×g for
25 min using Supra 22K (Hanil Science Industrial, Incheon, Korea). The
supernatant was stored at –20℃ until use.
protease hydrolysis using the following proteases: alcalase, flavourzyme,
neutrase, protamex, papain, and trypsin (Novozymes, Bagsvaerd, Denmark). The
characteristics of commercial enzymes used in this study were decribed in
dissolved in 50 mL of 25 mM sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 M monobasic sodium
phosphate+0.2 M dibasic sodium phosphate), which was adjusted to pH 7.0
with 1 N NaOH and 1 N HCl. The mixture was homogenized with a homogenizer (T-25
basic, Ika Works, Wilmington, NC, USA). To determine the optimum hydrolysis time
for each protease, blood protein solutions were hydrolyzed with each protease in
a 50℃ water bath for 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, or 5 h. The proteases
were added at a ratio of 1% for a particular blood protein. After
completion of hydrolysis, the solutions were heated in boiling water for 3 min
to inactivate the proteases. The mixture was centrifuged at 8,000×g for
25 min using Supra 22K (Hanil Science Industrial, Incheon, Korea). The
supernatant was stored at –20℃ until use.
7
Enzymatic Digestion of Cow Milk Proteins
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Fresh CM samples were obtained from 120 healthy Holstein cows from a farm near Shenyang (Liaoning, China). Fresh CM samples had fat removed by highspeed centrifugation at 15,000 × g for 30 min at 4°C and were stored at -80°C. Alcalase, Protamex, Flavourzyme, and Neutrase were acquired from Novozymes. Papain and pepsin were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich. Cholera toxin (CT) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. We purchased ELISA kits (mouse IgG 1 and IgG 2a ) from eBioscience.
8
Isolation and Characterization of Carp Skin Collagen
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H. Molitrix skin was supplied by Hubei Zhongke Agriculture Co., Ltd. (Jingzhou, China). Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), trypsin -EDTA solution was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Alcalase and Protamex® were purchased from Novozymes (Beijing, China). Collagen type I from rat tail tendon, pancreatin from porcine, and pepsin from porcine gastric mucosa were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was purchased from HyClone (Beijing, China). Dulbecco modified Eagle’s minimal essential medium (DMEM), Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Hank’s buffered saline solution (HBSS), nonessential amino acids (NEAA), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), trisodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7·2H2O), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), and other chemicals were all analytically pure grade and purchased from Sinopharm chemical reagent Co., LTD (Beijing, China).
9
Seasonal Starfish Protein Extraction
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Starfish (frozen condition) and starfish meal collected from different time points over the year/seasons were received from Danish Marine Protein (DMP; Skive, Denmark; now a subsidiary of Vestjyllands Andel)—see the further description below. Alcalase was provided by Novozymes (Bagsværd, Denmark). All chemicals were of analytical grade and solvents were of HPLC grade. All analyses were performed in duplicate (n = 2).
10
Antiplatelet agents in hemostasis
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Alcalase and Protamex were purchased
from Novozymes Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). The 5-HT
ELISA kit was purchased from IBL international (German). The β-TG
ELISA kit was obtained from Cloud-Clone Corp (Wuhan, China). Thrombin
and ADP were purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science and Technology
Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Aspirin and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate
were purchased from MCE (Shanghai, China). Other chemicals used were
analytical grade or better.
from Novozymes Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). The 5-HT
ELISA kit was purchased from IBL international (German). The β-TG
ELISA kit was obtained from Cloud-Clone Corp (Wuhan, China). Thrombin
and ADP were purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science and Technology
Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Aspirin and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate
were purchased from MCE (Shanghai, China). Other chemicals used were
analytical grade or better.
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