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Nbqx disodium salt

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NBQX disodium salt is a chemical compound used in scientific research. It functions as a competitive antagonist of AMPA and kainate glutamate receptors. The product is supplied as a white crystalline powder.

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Lab products found in correlation

Kainate, by Bio-Techne (3 mentions) R cpp, by Bio-Techne (3 mentions) Dl ap 5 sodium salt, by Bio-Techne (3 mentions) Pentylenetetrazole, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Flurothyl, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Na3gtp, by Roche (2 mentions) Cyclothiazide, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Mk 801 maleate, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Ketamine hydrochloride, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Dl tboa, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Thip hydrochloride, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Lucifer yellow, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Strychnine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Mecamylamine, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Dynamin inhibitory peptide, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Dynasore, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) N methyl d aspartate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Rs ampa hydrobromide, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Dl threo β benzyloxyaspartic acid, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Tamoxifen, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium salt (NBQX, (6 citations) NBQX disodium (2 citations)

13 protocols using nbqx disodium salt

1

Clozapine-N-Oxide Pharmacological Preparation

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Clozapine-N-Oxide was generously provided by the NIMH Chemical Synthesis and Drug Supply Program (NIMH C-929). CNO was made fresh each day and dissolved in DMSO (0.5% final concentration) and diluted to 0.1 mg/mL in 0.9% saline USP. Tetrodotoxin (TTX), DL-AP5, and NBQX disodium salt were purchased from Tocris Biosciences (Ellisville, MO).
, & Orellana C. (2001). Cut greenhouse gases, improve health: scientists. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 165(10), 1375.
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2

Drug Preparation for Seizure Susceptibility

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For seizure susceptibility testing, flurothyl (Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, and kainate was obtained from Tocris. All drugs were prepared immediately prior to test injections at their final concentrations and shielded from light. For use in acute slice electrophysiology experiments, R-CPP and NBQX disodium salt were obtained from Tocris Bioscience. Na3GTP and TTX were from Roche and Alomone Laboratories, respectively. Drugs were dissolved as stock solutions in either water or DMSO and aliquoted and frozen at −30 °C before use. Each drug was diluted to the appropriate concentrations by adding to the perfusate immediately before the experiment. The final concentration of DMSO in the perfusate was 0.1%.
Gertler T.S., Cherian S., DeKeyser J.M., Kearney J.A, & George AL J.r. (2022). KNa1.1 gain-of-function preferentially dampens excitability of murine parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Neurobiology of disease, 168, 105713.
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3

Pharmacological Agents in Neurophysiology

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Dyes and drugs were purchased from the following suppliers: (RS)-AMPA hydrobromide (AMPA), Kainate (KA), GYKI 52466 hydrochloride (GYKI), DL-threo-β-Benzyloxyaspartic acid (TBOA), NBQX disodium salt (NBQX), DL-AP5 sodium salt (APV), dynamin inhibitory peptide (QVPSRPNRAP), dynamin inhibitory peptide myristoylated (scrambled), dynamin inhibitory peptide myristoylated, cyclothiazide, mecamylamine, dhβe, and Dynasore (Tocris, Ellisville, MO, USA); N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA), tetrodotoxyn (TTX), Strychnine, Bicuculline and L-glutamate, atropine (Sigma, St Louis, MO); Fluoro-Gold (Fluorochrome, Inc., Denver, CO, USA); Lucifer Yellow (LY), Acridine Orange 10-Nonyl (AO), 6-methoxy-N-ethylquinolinium iodide (MEQ), and Florescien-5-isothiocyan (FITC) were from Invitrogen. Dynasore was dissolved in DMSO. When bath applied to the cord, the concentration of DMSO was less than 0.1%. All other drugs were dissolved in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF).
Falgairolle M, & O’Donovan M.J. (2015). Pharmacological Investigation of Fluoro-Gold Entry into Spinal Neurons. PLoS ONE, 10(6), e0131430.
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4

Purchasing Pharmacological Agents for Research

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NBQX disodium salt and SR95531 (gabazine) were purchased from Tocris Biosciences. All the remaining drugs (tamoxifen and compounds to prepare ACSF and intracellular solutions) were purchased from Sigma.
Bocchio M., Gouny C., Angulo-Garcia D., Toulat T., Tressard T., Quiroli E., Baude A, & Cossart R. (2020). Hippocampal hub neurons maintain distinct connectivity throughout their lifetime. Nature Communications, 11, 4559.
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5

Isolating Perisomatic Inhibitory Inputs

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CA1 pyramidal neurons were visualized with infrared differential interference contrast microscopy to perform whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings. Neighbouring uninfected and Cre-mCherry-infected neurons were identified using epifluorescence driven by a light-emitting diode. Neurons were held at −70 mV for all experiments. Recording pipettes made from borosilicate glass (open resistance between 2 and 4 MΩ) were filled with an internal solution containing (in mM): 147 CsCl, 5 Na2-phosphocreatine, 10 HEPES, 2 MgATP, 0.3 Na2GTP, 2 EGTA and 5 QX-314 (Sigma-Aldrich). Internal solution was prepared in a single batch, with osmolarity adjusted to 290 mOsm with double-distilled water and pH adjusted to 7.3 with CsOH, and was stored at −20 °C. To record IPSCs, inhibitory currents were pharmacologically isolated through bath application of 10 µM (R)-CPP (Tocris Bioscience) and 10 µM NBQX disodium salt (Tocris Bioscience). Extracellular stimulation of perisomatic inhibitory axons was achieved using a concentric bipolar electrode (FHC) placed within the centre of the stratum pyramidale and within 100–200 μm laterally of the pair of voltage-clamped cells. The stimulus strength used was the minimum stimulation required to generate a reliable IPSC in both neurons.
Pollina E.A., Gilliam D.T., Landau A.T., Lin C., Pajarillo N., Davis C.P., Harmin D.A., Yap E.L., Vogel I.R., Griffith E.C., Nagy M.A., Ling E., Duffy E.E., Sabatini B.L., Weitz C.J, & Greenberg M.E. (2023). A NPAS4–NuA4 complex couples synaptic activity to DNA repair. Nature, 614(7949), 732-741.
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6

Neuroscience Research Reagents Acquisition

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DL-TBOA, DL-AP-5 sodium salt, MK-801 maleate, ketamine hydrochloride, NBQX disodium salt, were purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK).
Vazquez-Juarez E., Srivastava I, & Lindskog M. (2023). The effect of ketamine on synaptic mistuning induced by impaired glutamate reuptake. Neuropsychopharmacology, 48(13), 1859-1868.
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7

Dose-Dependent Pharmacological Interventions

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NBQX disodium salt (2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium salt) (Tocris Bioscience) was dissolved in 0.9% saline and administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at doses of 0.0 (vehicle control), 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 8.0 mg/kg. THIP hydrochloride (4,5,6,7-Tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3-ol hydrochloride) (Tocris Bioscience) was dissolved in 0.9% saline, and administered i.p. at doses of 0.0 (vehicle control), 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg. The non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist ifenprodil hemitartrate ((1R*,2S*)-erythro-2-(4-Benzylpiperidino)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol hemi-(DL)-tartrate) (Tocris Bioscience) was dissolved in double-distilled sterile water (ddH2O) and administered i.p. at doses of 0 (vehicle control), 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 mg/kg. All doses were administered at a volume of 2 ml of drug solution/kg body weight.
Dannenhoffer C.A, & Spear L.P. (2019). Excitatory/Inhibitory Balance across Ontogeny Contribute to Age-Specific Behavioral Outcomes of Ethanol-Like Challenge in Conditioned Taste Aversion. Developmental psychobiology, 61(8), 1157-1167.
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8

Pharmacological Characterization of Ketamine

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(S)-(+)-Ketamine hydrochloride (Tocris Cookson, Ltd., Bristol, UK), (R)-ketamine hydrochloride (Cayman Chemicals, Ann Arbor, USA), LY341495 disodium salt (Tocris Cookson, Ltd.), NBQX disodium salt (Tocris Cookson Ltd.), LY379268 disodium salt (Tocris Cookson, Ltd.) and ketamine hydrochloride solution (Bioketan, Biowet, Puławy, Poland) were diluted with 0.9% NaCl. ANA-12 (Tocris Cookson Ltd.) was dissolved in 2% DMSO. Herein, 0.9% NaCl or 2% DMSO was used as a vehicle. All compounds and vehicles were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a constant volume of 10 mL/kg.
Rafało-Ulińska A., Brański P, & Pałucha-Poniewiera A. (2022). Combined Administration of (R)-Ketamine and the mGlu2/3 Receptor Antagonist LY341495 Induces Rapid and Sustained Effects in the CUMS Model of Depression via a TrkB/BDNF-Dependent Mechanism. Pharmaceuticals, 15(2), 125.
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9

Drug Preparation for Seizure Susceptibility

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For seizure susceptibility testing, flurothyl (Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, and kainate was obtained from Tocris. All drugs were prepared immediately prior to test injections at their final concentrations and shielded from light. For use in acute slice electrophysiology experiments, R-CPP and NBQX disodium salt were obtained from Tocris Bioscience. Na3GTP and TTX were from Roche and Alomone Laboratories, respectively. Drugs were dissolved as stock solutions in either water or DMSO and aliquoted and frozen at −30 °C before use. Each drug was diluted to the appropriate concentrations by adding to the perfusate immediately before the experiment. The final concentration of DMSO in the perfusate was 0.1%.
Gertler T.S., Cherian S., DeKeyser J.M., Kearney J.A, & George AL J.r. (2022). KNa1.1 gain-of-function preferentially dampens excitability of murine parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Neurobiology of disease, 168, 105713.
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10

Dose-Dependent Effects of AMPA and GABAA Receptor Modulators

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The design for Experiment 1 was a 2 age (adolescent; adult) × 2 sex (male; female) × 6 dose (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 mg/kg NBQX) factorial with 10 animals per group (N = 240). The test doses of the selective AMPA receptor antagonist, NBQX disodium salt (2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium salt; Tocris Bioscience; half-life approximately 30 min [7 (link),27 (link)] were dissolved in 0.9% sterile saline and delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a volume of 2 ml/kg body weight, with control animals receiving an equivalent volume of saline. The design for Experiment 2 was a 2 age (adolescent; adult) × 2 sex (male; female) × 4 dose (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mg/kg THIP) factorial with 8–10 animals per group (N = 217). The extrasynaptic GABAA receptor agonist THIP hydrochloride (4,5,6,7-Tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3-ol hydrochloride); Tocris Bioscience; half-life approximately 1.5–2 h [2 ] was also delivered i.p. in 0.9% sterile saline vehicle at doses of 0.0 (saline) 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg in a volume of 2 ml/kg body weight. In both experiments, same sex littermates were assigned semi-randomly to different drug doses to avoid the possible confounding of litter with dose effects [9 (link),46 (link)].
Dannenhoffer C.A., Varlinskaya E.I, & Spear L.P. (2018). Effects of AMPA receptor antagonist, NBQX, and extrasynaptic GABAA agonist, THIP, on social behavior of adolescent and adult rats. Physiology & behavior, 194, 212-217.
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