α tocopherol succinate

Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was purchased from ACIC Chemicals (Brantford, ON, Canada). α-Tocopherol succinate (TS), α–Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS), and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (São Paulo, Brazil). Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) 50:50 (PLGA) was obtained from Evonik Health Care (Essen, Germany). Soybean Lecithin was purchased from Lipoid GmbH (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Triethanolamine (TEA) was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). RPMI1640 medium, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), Minimum Essential Medium (MEM), streptomycin, penicillin, and amphotericin B (PSA), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and trypsin EDTA (0.25%) were purchased from Gibco-Invitrogen (Grand Island, NE, USA). All other chemicals were analytical grade.

Curcumin (98% pure), BaP, α-tocopherol succinate, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (MO, USA). Curcumin and α-tocopherol were dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 50 μM and all the solutions were stored in a dark-colored bottle at −80°C as a stock solution. The stock was diluted to the required concentration with growth media immediately before use. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Usb Corporation (CA, USA). DNeasy Blood and Tissue kits were purchased from QIAGEN (MD, USA). Acetonitrile (ACN) and ammonium formate (AF) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and HCl (1 N) was from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ). BaP-tetrol standards, including r-7,c-10,t-8,t-9-tetrahydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BaP tetrol I-1), and r-7,t-9,t-10,t-8-tetrahydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BaP tetrol I-2) were purchased from the MRIGlobal Chemical Carcinogen Reference Standard Repository (MO, USA).