Human crc cell lines

Human CRC cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (VA, USA). HCT-116 cells were cultured in DMEM (HyClone, Utah, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco, NY, USA). SW480 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (HyClone, Utah, USA) containing 10% FBS. All cells were cultured in an incubator (Thermo, CA, USA) at a constant temperature of 37 °C and 5% CO₂. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), Trolox, MLN4924, 5-Fu, and capecitabine were purchased from MedChemExpress LLC (Shanghai, China). MG132 was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech (CA, USA). Chloroquine (CHQ) was purchased from Sigma (CA, USA). Rapamycin was purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Primary antibodies against SRSF3 and E-Cadherin were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Primary antibodies against N-Cadherin, Caspase 3, DHCR24, CAT, Akt and phospho-Akt (Ser473) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (MA, USA). Primary antibodies against β-actin, mTOR, and phospho-mTOR (Ser2481) were purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Primary antibody against Vimentin was purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). Primary antibody against Bcl-2 was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech (CA, USA). Primary antibody against Flag was purchased from MBL Beijing Biotech (Beijing, China).

Human CRC cell lines and immortalized colon epithelial cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured as recommended. All cells tested negative for mycoplasma contamination and were authenticated by short tandem repeat (STR) fingerprinting before use. All CRC specimens were obtained with written informed consent from all patients. The clinical characteristics of the samples are summarized in Supplementary Tables S1 and  S2.