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22 protocols using insight evaluation software

1

Binding Affinity of Peptides to 14-3-3ε

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The SPR analyses were carried out using the Biacore 8K surface plasmon resonance instrument (Cytiva, Marlborough, MA, USA). A total of 100 nM His6-14-3-3ε was immobilized on the NiCl2-activated NTA chip (Cytiva, Marlborough, MA, USA) as previously described [34 (link)]. Then, different concentrations of peptide in the range of 0−500 μM (depending on the peptide) were injected. The experiments were performed in 20 mM TRIS, 150 mM NaCl, 50 μM EDTA, 0.005% Tween 20, and pH 7.4 buffer. The affinities of the peptides binding to 14-3-3ε were determined by fitting the data to a steady-state binding model using Biacore Insight Evaluation Software (version 5.0.18.22102).
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2

Affibody Binding Kinetics to HER3 by SPR

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis by Biacore 8 K (Cytiva, Marlborough, MA) was performed at 25 °C in a run buffer of HBS-EP (0.01 M HEPES pH 7.4, 0.15 M NaCl, 3 mM EDTA, 0.005% v/v Surfactant P20, Cytiva) and with 15 mM HCl as regeneration solution. Recombinant human ErbB3/Her3 Fc (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) was immobilized by standard amine coupling (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)) on a CM5 sensor chip (Cytiva, Marlborough, MA) at ~ 1000 RU. The coated chip was preconditioned by three regeneration rounds to stabilize surfaces prior to injection of analyte. Binding of Affibody molecules to HER3 was analyzed by single cycle kinetics via injection of analyte at five different concentrations of purified Affibody molecule (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 nM) over immobilized HER3/Fc. The experiment was performed in duplicates. Biacore Insight Evaluation Software was used to process, analyze and fit data.
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3

Deciphering Mps1-A378-0 Interactions via SPR

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In vitro interactions between Mps1, etc., and A378-0 were analyzed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The experiment was performed with the Biacore 8k+ instrument (Cytiva) at 25°C. Compound A378-0 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 10 mg mL−1 (17.7 mM). The running buffer for protein immobilization contained 1× PBS and 0.005% Tween 20, and that for compound analysis contained 1× PBS, 0.005% Tween 20, and 5% DMSO. The flow rates were 10 μL/min for protein immobilization and 30 μL/min for compound analysis. Proteins were immobilized on flow cell 2 of different channels of a series S CM5 sensor chip via an amine-coupling method to 5,000 to 6,000 response units (RU). Flow cell 1 of the corresponding channels of the sensor chip was left blank as a control. Compound A378-0 was injected with a concentration series of 6.25 μM, 12.5 μM, 25 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, and 200 μM, with one intermediate concentration injected as a duplicate. Both the association and dissociation periods were set to 60 s, and no regeneration was needed. Data were analyzed with Biacore Insight Evaluation software, and values from the first 5 s after the start of the injection were used to calculate the dissociation equilibrium constant (KD) by fitting to a 1:1 steady-state affinity model.
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4

Quantifying PD-L1 Antagonist Binding Kinetics

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Experiments were conducted using a Biacore 8K instrument (Cytiva) at 25°C in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, pH 7.4 (PBST) as previously described(32 (link)). Briefly, biotinylated PD-L1 (Sino Biological, 10084-H08H-B, reconstituted according to manufacturer’s protocol) was diluted to 500 ng/mL in PBST and immobilized onto a Series S NeutrAvidin (NA) Sensor Chip (Cytiva, 29407997) to a response (RU) of ~100. Following immobilization, affinity measurements were made with five 1:3 serial dilutions of each recombinant masked antagonists ± TEV in PBST (incubated overnight) using a single-cycle kinetics method. All data were analyzed with the Biacore Insight Evaluation software version 3.0.12 with the general single-cycle kinetics method and a 1:1 binding kinetics fit model. In addition, data were imported to Prism version 9.4.1 to analyze data (determine the mean ± SEM across replicates) and create figures.
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5

Binding Affinity of MAb 22.9-1 to SARS-CoV-2 Variants

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The binding affinity of the MAb 22.9-1 for the RBDs of the WT, Delta, and Omicron variants were determined by SPR binding assays with the Biacore 8K instrument and protein A chip (Cytiva). HBS-EP+ buffer (Cytiva) was used as the running buffer and sample diluent. Monoclonal antibody was captured over the protein A surface for 60 s at a flow rate of 10 μL/min. The RBD antigens were injected into each cycle at a flow rate of 30 μL/min; this was followed by contact for 120 s and dissociation for 400 s. The chip surface was regenerated each cycle with glycine solution (pH 1.5) at a flow rate of 30 μL/min for 30 s. The data were analyzed, and affinity KD values were calculated with the Biacore Insight Evaluation software.
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6

Binding Kinetics of USP21 and SMOLs

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SPR competition assays were performed
using a Biacore S200 instrument and the A–B–A inject
function. Recombinant USP21 was immobilized as described before for
the Kd measurements using the CM5 chip
experiments. The A–B–A injection method was used with
each of the SMOLs at 1 μM concentration with 30 s contact time
of analyte A (SMOLs) followed by ubiquitin titration that was run
in a 1:2 dilution series at a start concentration of 25 μM and
eight titration steps at a flow rate of 30 μL/min, with an association
time of 120 s and a dissociation time of 200 s at 15 °C. Each
titration was performed four times, and measurements were analyzed
using Biacore Insight Evaluation Software on double reference subtracted
sensorgrams.
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7

Kinetic Analysis of D-2-HGDH Binding

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The SPR analysis was performed using a Biacore 8 K instrument at 25 °C. Prior to analysis, the D-2-HGDH protein was exchanged to the running buffer containing 25 mM HEPES (pH 7.5) and 200 mM NaCl via gel filtration. The protein was covalently immobilized onto the sensor CM5 chip (GE Healthcare) in 10 mM sodium acetate (pH 5.5) following standard amine-coupling procedure. The analytes were used to flow over the chip surface with the response units measured. The binding kinetics was analyzed with the Biacore Insight Evaluation Software using the 1:1 binding model. The binding of D-2-HG, D-MAL, or D-LAC with D-2-HGDH could be measured reliably, but that of L-2-HG and 2-OG could not.
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8

Neutralization Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody

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To determine the neutralization mechanism of MAb 22.9-1, binding competition experiments were conducted by SPR assay with the Biacore 8K instrument and NTA chip (Cytiva). Purified hACE2 (Sino Biological) was immobilized at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. The following samples were injected: (i) 40 μg/mL O-RBD, (ii) complex of 40 μg/mL O-RBD and 0.15 mg/mL MAb 22.9-1, (iii) complex of 40 μg/mL O-RBD and 0.15 mg/mL MAb 20.8-8. The data were analyzed with the Biacore Insight Evaluation software. The curves were plotted using GraphPad Prism software.
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9

Kinetic Analysis of Antibody Variants

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Kinetic analysis of the antibody variants was performed with surface plasmon resonance using Biacore 8K + instrument (Cytiva). A capture assay was used to for the affinity measurement to minimize the avidity effects caused by the bivalent nature of the antibodies. Human antibody capture kit (Cytiva) was used to immobilize Anti-human IgG (Fc) antibody to a CM5 sensor chip (Cytiva) by amine coupling at approximately 6000 RU. The sample antibody was captured at 62.5 ng/mL for 60 s at a flow rate of 10 μL/min, resulting in capture levels between 10 and 25 RU. A 4-fold dilution series of PCSK9 (Acro Biosystems) with concentrations ranging from 50 nM to 12 pM was flowed over the captured IgG surface for 240 s at a flow rate of 50 μL/min with a dissociation time of 1800 s. The surface was regenerated with 3M MgCl2 between measurement cycles. The association and dissociation values were determined with Biacore Insight Evaluation software using the Langmuir 1:1 global fitting procedure. All samples were run in duplicates.
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10

Neutralization Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody

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To determine the neutralization mechanism of MAb 22.9-1, binding competition experiments were conducted by SPR assay with the Biacore 8K instrument and NTA chip (Cytiva). Purified hACE2 (Sino Biological) was immobilized at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. The following samples were injected: (i) 40 μg/mL O-RBD, (ii) complex of 40 μg/mL O-RBD and 0.15 mg/mL MAb 22.9-1, (iii) complex of 40 μg/mL O-RBD and 0.15 mg/mL MAb 20.8-8. The data were analyzed with the Biacore Insight Evaluation software. The curves were plotted using GraphPad Prism software.
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