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4 protocols using povidone iodine solution

1

Hindpaw Incision Model in Mice

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The hindpaw incision model was performed as described by Brennan et al (11 (link)). The model and control groups each consisted of 30 mice. Briefly, rats were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) delivered through a nose cone. The plantar aspect of the right hindpaw was prepared in a sterile manner with a 10% povidone-iodine solution (Sigma-Aldrich), and the paw was positioned through a hole in a sterile drape. A 1-cm longitudinal incision was made through the skin and fascia of the plantar aspect of the foot, with a size 11 blade, starting at a point 0.5 cm away from the proximal edge of the heel and extending toward the toes. The plantaris muscle was raised and incised longitudinally, with its origin and insertion remaining intact. The incision was closed with two mattress sutures of 5-0 nylon. Following surgery, the animals were allowed to recover in their home cages. Sham control groups, consisting of rats that received anesthesia, antiseptic preparation and topical antibiotic without an incision, were used in the study.
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2

Isolation and Culture of Rat Oral Mucosal Cells

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Oral mucosal samples were harvested from the buccal cavities of 7-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (Central Lab Animal Inc., Seoul, Korea). The samples were decontaminated using povidone-iodine solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), thoroughly rinsed thrice with phosphate-buffered saline, and treated with 1 U/mL dispase (STEMCELL Technologies, Vancouver, Canada) at 37ºC for 1 h. Cells obtained from the epithelial and sub-epithelial layers were separately seeded in culture dishes and grown in culture medium consisting of a 3:1 mixture of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's minimal essential medium and Ham's F12 (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA) containing 10% foetal bovine serum, human recombinant insulin (5 µg/mL), triiodothyronine (1.3 ng/mL), adenine (24 µg/mL), hydrocortisone (0.4 µg/mL), and cholera toxin (8 ng/mL) (all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich), and supplemented with penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin antibiotic-antimycotic solution (Thermo Fisher). For culturing mucosal keratinocytes, human recombinant epidermal growth factor (10 ng/mL; Thermo Fisher) was also added to the medium. Media and supplements were replaced every 3 days.
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3

Hydrogel Implants in Rat Dorsum

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Both handling of the animals and surgical procedures were performed in accordance with the Animal Care and Use Committee approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Experimentation at the University of Michigan (IACUC, protocol #PRO00008502). Engineered hydrogels with and without microparticles with antibiotics ( =6mm , h=2mm ) were subcutaneously implanted into both sides of the dorsal of 6 wk. old Fischer 344 male rats (Envigo RMS, Inc., Oxford, MI, USA) weighing around 300–320 grams. Briefly, the rats were induced with isoflurane 4% (Piramal Critical Care Inc., Bethlehem, PA, USA) and maintenance of 2% buprenorphine (0.6 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously. The surgical site was cleaned with povidone-iodine solution (Sigma-Aldrich). Four samples were implanted in the dorsum of the rats (four samples per group/animal).
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4

Limbal Tissue Harvesting and Decontamination

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Human limbal tissue was obtained from three donors and used for sectioning. All experiments were approved through the Moorfields Biobank Internal Ethics Committee (10/H0106/57-2011ETR10) and carried out according to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Eyes from 6-8-month-old pigs were purchased as redundant tissue from Humphreys & Sons (Blixes farm, Chelmsford, United Kingdom). Eyes were collected within 1 hour of extraction and transported to the lab on ice and processed immediately. Excess muscle, connective tissue, and conjunctiva were removed before the cornea was separated from the globe, with a small rim of scleral tissue remaining. Anterior chamber structures were separated from the corneoscleral rim (CSR), which was then washed: two minutes in 2% (v/v) Povidone-Iodine solution, one minute in 1% (v/v) Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution (ABAM; Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK), and one minute in phosphate-buffered-saline (PBS).
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