HQNO was dissolved in saline with 10% ethanol and 10% Cremophor EL at a concentration of 2 mg/mL to prepare a stock solution. The prepared HQNO was intraperitoneally injected into 9 BALB/c female mice at a dose of 20 mg/kg based on the results of a safety assay. Blood samples (100 μL) were collected at 0 h, 0.083 h, 0.25 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h. After all blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min, plasma samples were collected and immediately stored at −20 °C until analysis.
The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNonlin professional software version 8.0 (Pharsight, Mountain View, California, USA). The optimal pharmacokinetic model was determined according to the minimum Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value and used for data fitting and parameter estimation. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma curve (AUC), half-life (T1/2) and peak time (Tmax) were expressed as the mean ± SD (Zeng et al., 2022 (link)).
The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNonlin professional software version 8.0 (Pharsight, Mountain View, California, USA). The optimal pharmacokinetic model was determined according to the minimum Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value and used for data fitting and parameter estimation. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma curve (AUC), half-life (T1/2) and peak time (Tmax) were expressed as the mean ± SD (Zeng et al., 2022 (link)).