Spectrum 100 ftir spectrophotometer

FTIR spectra of freeze-dried samples were recorded using Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrophotometer (Perkin–Elmer UK Ltd., Buckinghampshire, UK) with scanning from 4000 to 650 cm⁻¹ at 4 cm⁻¹ resolution, and accumulation of 16 scans. The data were analysed using a six-scan average per sample generated by Spectrum One software.

Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the as-prepared HfO₂ nanostructures were recorded using a Philips PANalytical X’Pert X-ray diffractometer at 40 kV and 40 mA with Cu-Kα radiation (0.15418 nm). A HRTEM (JEOL JEM-2100) equipped with a STEM for EDX spectroscopy was employed to study the morphologies, crystallinities, and size distributions of the materials. Micro-Raman spectroscopy (JASCO, NRS-3100) with a 532 nm solid-state primary laser as an excitation source was used to perform the phonon vibrational study at room temperature. XPS measurements were performed on a Kratos AXIS Ultra device with an Al monochromatic X-ray source (1486.6 eV). The PL spectroscopic measurements were taken using a PerkinElmer (LS 45 Fluorescence Spectrometer, 230 V) instrument at room temperature. UV absorbance measurements were performed on a Shimadzu UV-2450. The thermo-stabilities of the materials were evaluated using a Perkin Elmer TGA (4000) at a heating rate of 10 °C/min under a N₂ atmosphere over a temperature range of 50–900 °C. FTIR measurements were performed using a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 FTIR spectrophotometer, adopting the KBr pellet method.

Microplates (96-well) used in the in vitro assay were obtained from Thermo Multiskan Go (Waltham, MA, USA). The following adsorbents were used: silica gel 60 (5–40 μm, cat. no. 1.07747) was used for vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), silica gel 60 (40–63 μm, cat. no. 1.09385) and Sephadex LH-20 (GE Healthcare, Upsalla, Sweden) were used for column chromatography (CC), and silica gel 60 GF254 (0.25 mm, cat. no. 1.05554) was used for thin layer chromatography (TLC). The silica gels were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
For structural elucidation of the isolated compounds, ultraviolet (UV) spectra were recorded in ethanol using a Shimadzu UV1800 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan), and infra-red (IR) spectra were obtained using a Spectrum 100 FTIR spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) with an ATR technique. One-dimensional proton (¹H) and carbon (¹³C) and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were determined using a Bruker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Karlsruhe, Germany), while high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) spectra were obtained using an Ultimate 3000 system, MicrOTOF-Q II (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany).

Optical rotations were measured on a Bellingham Stanley ADP 400 Polarimeter. UV and IR readings were measured on a PerkinElmer UV-Visible spectrophotometer and a PerkinElmer spectrum 100 FT-IR spectrophotometer, respectively. ¹H, ¹³C, and 2D NMR spectra, including COSY, HSQC and HMBC, were recorded in CDCl₃ on a 400 MHz Bruker NMR spectrometer using the residual solvent signal (δ_H 7.26 and δ_C 77.4) as internal standards. Additional 1D selective NOE and NOESY spectra were obtained on a 600 MHz Bruker NMR spectrometer using the residual solvent signal (δ_H 7.26 and δ_C 77.4) as internal standards. HPLC isolation and purification of 1 was conducted on a Shimadzu LC-8A preparative LC coupled to a Shimadzu SPD-M10A VP diode array detector. Both HRESIMS data and LC-HRMS/MS analyses were obtained on a Waters Xevo G2-XS qTOF with an ESI positive ion mode and data-dependent acquisition mode. An Agilent 1100 series coupled with an Agilent LC/MSD (Liquid Chromatography/Mass Selective Detector) trap XCT mass spectrometer, equipped with an ESI interface system in negative mode, was used for the detection of the L-Marfey’s-derivatized L/D-valine, proline, N-methylphenylalanine, and alanine moieties from benderamide A.

UV–Vis spectra of films were measured using a Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA) Evolution 220 UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Strips of films, with a surface area matching the quartz cuvette (5.5 cm × 1 cm), were placed along with a cuvette in the apparatus and spectra were recorded over a wavelength range of 300–800 nm, with a resolution of 1 nm.
The chemical composition of the obtained films was also evaluated using a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 FT-IR spectrophotometer (Waltham, MA, USA). Pieces of the films were measured directly, in ATR mode (32 scans per sample), and spectra were recorded over a wavelength range of 650–4000 cm⁻¹, with a resolution of 1 cm⁻¹. Melanin spectra, as a reference, were obtained in the same way.

FTIR spectroscopy of all NPs was performed using a PerkinElmer Spectrum 100 FTIR spectrophotometer (Shelton, CT, USA), fitted with a universal attenuated total reflection (ATR) sampling accessory. A single droplet of each colloidal nanoparticle (NP) was placed in the instrument stage, and the spectra were analyzed from 4000–400 cm⁻¹ using 64 co-added scans at a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹.

Total commercially available chemicals for synthesis and test were of reagent grade. A Boetius Block apparatus was used for the report of melting points. A PerkinElmer Spectrum 100 FT-IR spectrophotometer was used for the report of Infrared (IR) spectra. A Varian spectrometers was used for the report of ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra. The measurement of the elemental analyses was carried out on a Perkin-Elmer 2400C Elemental Analyzer. Ultraviolet spectra were recorded on a PerkinElmer Lamber35 UV spectrophotometer. The fluorescence spectra were carried out in a Shimadzu RF-5301PC fluorescence spectrophotometer. A VG ZAB-HS mass spectrometer was used to record EI mass spectra.