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66 protocols using vertex 80v ftir spectrometer

1

FTIR Spectroscopy Protocol for Absorption Measurements

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All linear absorption measurements were performed using a Bruker Vertex 80v FTIR spectrometer, equipped with a liquid-nitrogen-cooled mercury-cadmium telluride (MCT) detector. The spectra were recorded under a nitrogen atmosphere at a wavelength resolution of 3 cm−1. For every spectrum, 100 scans were averaged. In all measurements, a standard sample cell with a path length of 10–50 μm was used. The reported spectra were corrected for the absorption of the solvent background.
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2

FT-IR Spectroscopic Analysis of EVT2 Samples

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FT-IR spectroscopic analysis was performed directly on the previous EVT2 samples at the Planetary Emissivity Laboratory of DLR in Berlin.
Spectra were recorded in triplicate on the Vertex 80v FT-IR Spectrometer (Bruker) in reflectance mode and read at a resolution of 4 cm−1 in the wavenumber region of 400–10,000 cm−1 with Spectragryph software [39 ]. Measurements have been performed under evacuated atmosphere to remove atmospheric features from the spectra.
For analyzing the presence of specific organic molecules, the region of interest, 600–4000 cm−1, was cropped.
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3

FTIR Spectroscopy of Protein Samples

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The measurements were performed using a Vertex 80v FTIR spectrometer (Bruker Corp., Ettlingen, Germany) equipped with a liquid nitrogen cooled MCT-detector (D* = 4 × 1010 cm Hz0.5 W−1 at 9.2 μm). The custom-made temperature-controlled cell was equipped with a 53 μm-thick PTFE spacer. The sample compartment of the spectrometer was continuously flushed with dry air during IR measurements. IR spectra were acquired with a spectral resolution of 2 cm−1 in double-sided acquisition mode using a Blackman-Harris 3-term apodization function and a zero filling factor of 2. For PLL measurements, a total of 450 scans were averaged per spectrum (total measurement time = 100 s), acquired in a temperature range of 20–50 °C (ΔT = 2 °C). After setting the temperature, the cell was allowed to equilibrate for 240 s prior to spectrum acquisition. Following this procedure, the heating rate was the same as for QCL-IR measurements. Protein measurements were carried out at 25.0 °C and a total of 64 scans were averaged per spectrum. Spectra analysis was performed by using the software package OPUS 7.2 (Bruker Corp., Ettlingen, Germany). If necessary, absorption bands of water vapour in the atmosphere were subtracted.
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4

Characterization of Advanced Materials

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The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were tested by a Bruker VERTEX 80 V FT-IR spectrometer. 1H NMR spectra were carried out on a 500 MHz Bruker AVANCE III spectrometer. Rheological measurements were performed at 25 °C on a TA Instrument HR-2 rheometer with 40 mm parallel stainless-steel plates. The frequency sweeps were conducted at a constant shear strain of 2% by varying angular frequency from 0.1 to 100 rad/s. The lap-shear strengths were measured by 410R250 Tension Instrument (TestResources Inc., USA) at a stretching speed of 50 mm/min. The digital images were captured by a Canon PowerShot SX40 HS camera. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were tested on a Q500 thermogravimetric analyzer (TA Instruments) under a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted under vacuum using a Hitachi SU8020 SEM (Tokyo, Japan). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were performed on a TA Instruments Q200 differential scanning calorimeter under a nitrogen flow of 50 mL/min.
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5

FTIR Spectroscopy in Vacuum Conditions

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The measurement equipment used in the experiment was a Bruker Optics Vertex 80 v FTIR spectrometer. This spectrometer covers a wide bandwidth from the far infrared up to the ultraviolet. It is based on Fourier Transform of the infrared time signal. The interferogram is obtained by directing the infrared light emitted from the source (Globar in this case) to an interferometer that modulates the light. Afterwards, the signal passes through the sample under test placed in an additional optical bench attached to the instrument, eventually focusing the transmitted beam on the He-cooled bolometer detector. These measurements have been done in vacuum in order to avoid spurious absorption peaks due to air (water vapour, carbon dioxide among other gases). A resolution of 4 cm−1 was considered, with 16 scans per measurements to get the averaged spectrum and a scanning velocity of the interferometer moving mirror set to 2.5 kHz.
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6

FTIR Spectroelectrochemistry of Biological Samples

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Transmission FTIR spectra were obtained using a Vertex 80v FTIR spectrometer from Bruker Optics with an N2 cooled mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) detector. All sample preparations were performed under strict anaerobic conditions. Samples were immobilized between CaF2 windows and measured in a continuously purged sample chamber. Spectra were recorded with 20 kHz velocity in double-sided forward backward mode with phase resolution of 16, zero filling factor of 2 and Blackman–Harris three-term apodization. Final data processing was performed using home-written scripts in the Matlab® programming environment. FTIR spectroelectrochemistry was carried out as previously described, but without use of redox mediators [15 (link)]. Spectra were recorded on a Bruker IFS 66v/s spectrometer with N2 cooled MCT detector with an aperture of 2.5–3 mm and thermostated sample (278 K). An equilibration time of 40–60 min was used between the two applied potentials (Autolab PGSTAT101; NOVA software).
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7

Nanodiamond Characterization by FTIR

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Approximately 10 μL
of each nanodiamond dispersion was placed on a clean diamond ATR crystal
and allowed to air-dry in a desiccator for at least 1 h. Infrared
spectroscopy was conducted using a Bruker Vertex80v FTIR spectrometer
(Billerica, USA), equipped with a diamond ATR crystal. A background
was taken prior to analysis of the dried dispersions, and the ATR
crystal was cleaned with ethanol prior to each analysis. All analyses
were conducted under vacuum, with 128 scans collected over the region
of 4000–400 cm–1.
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8

Preparation of N-Acetylproline Solutions

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N-acetylproline (>95%, Enamine Ltd.) was dissolved in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6, anhydrous, 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich) or in acetonitrile (anhydrous, 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich) or in ultrapure water or in heavy water (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories) to reach the desired concentration. For the infrared absorption measurements (Bruker Vertex 80v FTIR spectrometer) and the two-dimensional infrared experiments the solution was held between two calcium fluoride windows separated by a PTFE spacer of 10–50 μm thickness.
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9

Characterization of Nanomaterials using Advanced Techniques

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All analytical-grade chemicals used in this study were purchased from Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and used directly without purification. HRP (≥300 U·mg−1) was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). H2O was purified using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, St. Louis, MO, USA). The UV–Vis and fluorescence spectra of the nanomaterials were collected using a UV-2700 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) and an RF-6000 fluorescence spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corp.), respectively. FTIR spectra were acquired using a VERTEX 80VFT-IR spectrometer (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany). The TEM images were obtained using a JEM-2100 microscope (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at 200 kV. The particle sizes were determined using the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) method with a Zetasizer Nano ZS 90 (Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK).
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10

Synchrotron FTIR Microspectroscopy Setup

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The experiment was carried out at the B22 beamline (MIRIAM) of the Diamond Light Source synchrotron facility. The system is comprised of a Vertex 80v FTIR spectrometer and a Hyperion 3000 microscope system (Bruker optics) with a 36× reverse Cassegrain reflective objective (NA = 0.5 in air) and a matching condenser. A high sensitivity mid-band mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) single element detector was used for the mapping experiment. This is 50 μm pitch size and has a cut-off at circa 650 cm−1. A multilayer Ge filter was used to reduce the spectral range below 4000 cm−1 of the incoming beam, and the detector non-linearity was software corrected during acquisition.
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