Waters 2998 pda detector

Manufactured by Waters Corporation

Sourced in United States

The Waters 2998 PDA detector is a high-performance photodiode array (PDA) detector designed for liquid chromatography (LC) systems. The device captures full-spectrum data of eluting compounds, enabling the detection and identification of unknown substances within a sample.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

Close spelling variants of this product

Waters 2998 photodiode array detector (PDA) (3 citations) Waters 2998 PDA (3 citations) 2998 PDA detector (81 citations) PDA 2998 (11 citations) Waters 2998 (39 citations) PDA detector (44 citations)

20 protocols using waters 2998 pda detector

Phenolic Analysis of Rosa L. Fruit

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Dried samples of Rosa L. fruit were ground with a Retsch GM 200 electric grinder (Retsch GmbH, Hahn, Germany). The ground raw material was weighed on a Sartorius CP64-0CE analytical balance (Sartorius AG, Gottingen, Germany). Extracts of Rosa L. fruit samples were prepared in an ultrasonic bath Bandelin Sonorex Digital 10 P (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany). Spectrophotometric studies were accomplished on a UV-visible light (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer M550 (Spectronic CamSpec, Garforth, UK). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolics in extracts of rosehip fruit samples was accomplished using a Waters 2998 PDA detector (Waters, Milford, CT, USA).

Butkevičiūtė A., Urbštaitė R., Liaudanskas M., Obelevičius K, & Janulis V. (2022). Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Fruit of the Genus Rosa L.. Antioxidants, 11(5), 912.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Quantitative HPLC Analysis of Phenolics

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The qualitative and quantitative HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds was performed with a Waters 2998 PDA detector (Waters, Milford, CT, USA). Chromatographic separations were carried out by using a YMC-Pack ODS-A (5 μm, C18, 250 × 4.6 mm i.d.) column. The column was operated at a constant temperature of 25 °C. The volume of the analyzed extract was 10 μL. The flow rate was 1 mL/min. The mobile phase consisted of 2% (v/v) acetic acid (solvent A) and acetonitrile (solvent B). Gradient variation: 0–30 min 3–15% B, 30–45 min 15–25% B, 45–50 min 25–50% B, and 50–55 min 50–95% B. For the quantitative analysis, the calibration curves were obtained by injecting the known concentrations of different standard compounds. All the identified phenolic compounds were quantified at λ = 200–400 nm wavelength [5 (link)].

Butkevičiūtė A., Liaudanskas M., Kviklys D., Gelvonauskienė D, & Janulis V. (2020). The Qualitative and Quantitative Compositions of Phenolic Compounds in Fruits of Lithuanian Heirloom Apple Cultivars. Molecules, 25(22), 5263.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

HPLC Quantification of Maleimide and Bismaleimide

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The chemical concentrations of maleimide and bismaleimide were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The maleimide containing solutions were diluted by 10 times with Milli-Q water and the bismaleimide containing solutions were diluted by 5 times in acetone. All the diluted solutions were filtered through 0.2 μm PTFE filter before the sample was injected into the HPLC. The concentrations of bismaleimide were measured by a Waters 2695 separations module equipped with a Luna C18 (Phenomenex, Part No. 00G-4041-E0) HPLC column and a Waters 2998 PDA detector, set at 320 nm. The temperature of the HPLC column was maintained at 50⁰C. The mobile phase was a gradient methanol/water (with 0.1 wt% formic acid) at a constant flow rate of 1.0 mL min⁻¹ (0.1 wt% formic acid water linearly changed to methanol in 20 min, pure methanol for 7 min, and methanol was linearly changed to 0.1% formic acid water in 3 min). The concentrations of maleimide were measured by a Water 2695 separation module equipped with an Aminex HPX-87H (Bio-Rad) column and RI detector. The temperature of the HPLC column was maintained at 50°C, and the flow rate of the mobile phase (pH 2 water, acidified by sulfuric acid) was 0.6 mL min⁻¹.

Chang H., Gilcher E.B., Huber G.W, & Dumesic J.A. (2021). Synthesis of performance-advantaged polyurethanes and polyesters from biomass-derived monomers by aldol-condensation of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and hydrogenation. Green chemistry : an international journal and green chemistry resource : GC, 23(12), 4355-4364.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Quantification of Drug-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The TA-SLN suspension was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm (Hitachi Centrifuge CF16RN; Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan) at 4 °C for 60 min, the supernatant was discarded, and the precipitate was washed 3 times with distilled water. Subsequently, the supernatant was removed, and the SLN precipitate was resuspended in distilled water and dried with a freeze dryer for 48 h (FD-1, Freeze Dry System; Beijing Bo Yikang Experimental Instrument Co., Ltd.) to obtain a freeze-dried powder. A total of 10 mg of the lyophilized powder was weighed into a 15 mL EP tube, 10 mL of a mixed solution of acetonitrile and water (1:1) was added, and the EP tube was placed into a water bath to destroy the nanoparticles and release the encapsulated drug. Then, a mixed solution of acetonitrile and water was used to determine the volume, and the volume was adjusted to 10 mL before centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 10 min. The supernatant was diluted and analysed with a Waters e2695 series HPLC equipped with a Waters 2998 PDA detector (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). The formulas for calculating the EE and drug loading are as follows:

Xu W., Deng Z., Xiang Y., Zhu D., Yi D., Mo Y., Liu Y., Qin L., Huang L., Wan B., Wu L., Feng X, & He J. (2022). Preparation, Characterization and Pharmacokinetics of Tolfenamic Acid-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics, 14(9), 1929.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Carotenoid Extraction and HPLC Analysis

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Biological samples were extracted with tetrahydrofuran, evaporated to dryness, and resuspended in heptane:ethyl acetate:methylene chloride (2:2:1). A Waters 1525 binary pump attached to a Waters 717 plus or 2707 auto-sampler was used to inject samples. A Phenomenex Luna Silica (2) 3 μm 150 mm × 4.6 mm column with a security silica guard column kit was used to resolve carotenoids with a Waters 2998 PDA detector. Synthetic carotenoid samples, purchased from CaroteNature (GmbH, Im Budler 8, CH-4419 Lupsingen, Switzerland) or received from DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., were used as reference standards. The mobile phase consisted of 1000 ml of heptane, 60 ml of isopropanol, and 0.1 ml of acetic acid. The detector was a Waters 2998 photo-diode array detector from 210 to 600 nm.

Royer J., Shanklin J., Balch-Kenney N., Mayorga M., Houston P., de Jong R.M., McMahon J., Laprade L., Blomquist P., Berry T., Cai Y., LoBuglio K., Trueheart J, & Chevreux B. (2020). Rhodoxanthin synthase from honeysuckle; a membrane diiron enzyme catalyzes the multistep conversation of β-carotene to rhodoxanthin. Science Advances, 6(17), eaay9226.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Quantitative HPLC Assay for Enzyme Kinetics

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Assays were routinely made in triplicate in 100-μl reaction mixtures containing 45 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 0.9 mM DTT, 450 mM glycinebetaine, and the specified concentrations of substrates. Assays were run at 30°C for 30-300 min and stopped on ice, and then deproteinised at 4°C using Amicon Ultra-0.5 mL 10K units. Samples (typically 40 μl) of the flow-through were analyzed by HPLC with UV detection (Waters 2695 Separation module, Waters 2998 PDA detector). HPLC analysis used a C18 column (ACE Excel SuperC18, 5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm) with a column guard, equilibrated with 100 mM K-phosphate, pH 6.6. The elution gradient (1 ml min⁻¹) was as follows, steps being linear transitions except where noted: 0-4 min – 20% K-phosphate (100 mM, pH 6.6), 80% water; 4-10 min – 20% K-phosphate, 7% methanol, 73% water; 10-15 min – held at 20% K-phosphate, 7% methanol, 73% water; 15-20 min – 10% K-phosphate, 60% water, 30% methanol; 20-30 min – 20% K-phosphate, 7% methanol, 73% water; 30-35 min – 20% K-phosphate, 80% water. Detection was by absorbance at 235 nm. Values of k_cat and K_m were estimated by nonlinear fitting using GraphPad Prism version 6.00 (GraphPad Software, San Diego CA).

Zallot R., Yazdani M., Goyer A., Ziemak M.J., Guan J.C., McCarty D.R., deCrécy-Lagard V., Gerdes S., Garrett T.J., Benach J., Hunt J.F., Shintani D.K, & Hanson A.D. (2014). Salvage of the thiamin pyrimidine moiety by plant TenA proteins lacking an active-site cysteine. The Biochemical journal, 463(1), 145-155.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Phenolic Acid Identification and Quantification by HPLC-PDA and LC-MS/MS

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Two HPLC systems were used for phenolic acid identification and quantification. The phenolic acids were analyzed in a Waters Alliance LC system composed of a Waters e2695 Separations Module and Waters 2998 PDA Detector (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA). A Gemini 150 × 4.6 mm 5 μm C18 110 Å LC column (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) was used for separation, and compounds were detected at 366 nm. The injection volume was 10 μL.
For compound identification of phenolic acids, the samples were analyzed using the method described in Wang et al. [51 (link)] with a Waters ACQUITY^® UPLC I-Class system coupled with a Waters Vion Ion Mobility Quadrupole Time of Flight (IMS QTof) mass spectrometer (MS) (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA). The same column, solvent system, and elution gradient as described by Wang et al. [51 (link)] were used with the system for compound identification. In addition, a 1:3 splitter was used to direct one-fourth of the flow (0.25 mL/min) into the MS. Compounds were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) based on accurate masses, retention times, and UV absorbance at 305 to 390 nm. All solvent systems and elution gradients are summarized in Table 7.

Herniter I.A., Kim Y., Wang Y., Havill J.S., Johnson-Cicalese J., Muehlbauer G.J., Iorizzo M, & Vorsa N. (2023). Trait Mapping of Phenolic Acids in an Interspecific (Vaccinium corymbosum var. caesariense × V. darrowii) Diploid Blueberry Population. Plants, 12(6), 1346.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Analytical Determination of Peptide Hydrophobicity

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

To determine peptide hydrophobicity, a Waters Alliance e2695 system with a Waters 2998 PDA Detector (software-Empower 3, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) was used. All analyses were carried out on a Waters X-Bridge Shield RP-18 column (3.0 × 100 mm, 3.5 μm particle size, 130 Å pore size). The Shield Technology column with embedded polar groups was used to minimize interactions of unreacted silanol groups with basic lipopeptides [68 ]. The peptides were dissolved in water (0.1% TFA, v/v) up to a concentration of 1 g/L. UV detection at 214 nm was used, and samples (10 μL) were eluted with a linear 20–65% acetonitrile gradient in deionized water over 30 min at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C. The mobile phase flow rate was 0.5 mL/min. Both eluents contained 0.1% (v/v) of TFA. Each peptide sample was analyzed in triplicate. Maximum standard deviation and coefficient of variation were 0.042 and 0.25%, respectively.

Neubauer D., Jaśkiewicz M., Sikorska E., Bartoszewska S., Bauer M., Kapusta M., Narajczyk M, & Kamysz W. (2020). Effect of Disulfide Cyclization of Ultrashort Cationic Lipopeptides on Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(19), 7208.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Radiolabeled Anthraquinone Detection by RP-HPLC

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Kunming mice (male, 22–26 g) and Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 260–280 g) were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Academy of Military Medical Sciences. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approved the project. The care and treatment of all animals were maintained in accordance with NIH publication No.85–23 (revised in 1996) on “Principles of laboratory animal care”. Eight anthraquinones were commercially available from Chendu SinoStandards Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Chendu, China) with purity greater than 97%. Sodium iodide’s (Na¹³¹I) radionuclidic purity was >99% and specific activity was 370 MBq/mL, which was supplied by HTA Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).
Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was equipped with Waters 2998 PDA detector, HERM LB500 radiometric detector (Berthold Technologies, Germany), a pump (Waters 2695) and a Alltima C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, GRACE). The mobile phase was methanol/0.1% phosphoric acid in water (80:20, v/v), the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the temperature of column was 30 °C. All solvents used for HPLC analysis were HPLC grade.

Wang Q., Yang S., Jiang C., Li J., Wang C., Chen L., Jin Q., Song S., Feng Y., Ni Y., Zhang J, & Yin Z. (2016). Discovery of Radioiodinated Monomeric Anthraquinones as a Novel Class of Necrosis Avid Agents for Early Imaging of Necrotic Myocardium. Scientific Reports, 6, 21341.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Isolation and Purification of Bioactive Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The SPE-eluates were subjected to semi-preparative reverse-phase chromatography on a Luna C18 column (250 × 10 mm, 5 μm) (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA). A 6 mL/min flow of a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid (A) and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (B) was employed with gradient elution starting with 5% B, and rising to 100% B within 30 min. Then isocratic elution with 100% B was performed before switching back to the initial conditions. Time-based (60 s) fractions were collected in a Waters 2767 sample manager after detection with a Waters 2998 PDA detector (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Fractions collected were then tested in our bioassay platform, and those showing significant activity were pooled and subjected to a second round of semiprep HPLC-PDA. In this second step, we applied a gradient elution program starting with 70% A (10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid) and 30% B (10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile), rising to 100% B within 30 min. Then isocratic elution with 100% B was performed before switching back to the initial conditions. Compounds 1 and 2 were collected in separate fractions by following the PDA signal trace.

Moldes-Anaya A., Sæther T., Uhlig S., Nebb H.I., Larsen T., Eilertsen H.C, & Paulsen S.M. (2017). Two Isomeric C16 Oxo-Fatty Acids from the Diatom Chaetoceros karianus Show Dual Agonist Activity towards Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) α/γ. Marine Drugs, 15(6), 148.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!