Polymethyl methacrylate

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a transparent, thermoplastic material commonly used in laboratory equipment. It is a synthetic polymer that exhibits high optical clarity, impact resistance, and good thermal and electrical insulation properties. PMMA is a versatile material that can be used in a variety of laboratory applications, such as protective screens, containers, and other lab equipment components.

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Lab products found in correlation

Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (6 mentions) Polystyrene, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Dichloromethane, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Polyvinylpyrrolidone, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Propylene carbonate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Acetone, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), by Merck Group (3 mentions) Methylammonium chloride, by Xi'an Yuri Solar Co. (3 mentions) Methylammonium bromide, by Xi'an Yuri Solar Co. (3 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Polymethyl methacrylate, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions) Polycarbonate, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions) Polymethyl methacrylate, by Fujifilm (2 mentions) Triacetyl cellulose, by Fujifilm (2 mentions) Polyvinyl chloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions) N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Chlorobenzene, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ethanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) 2 propanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)

54 protocols using polymethyl methacrylate

Wavelength Conversion Luminescent Resin Compositions

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Example 3

1 g of polymethyl methacrylate (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC.) was dissolved in 10 mL of toluene, then 10 mg of Compound (3) was added to prepare a coloring agent resin solution which was then spin-coated on a glass plate at 2000 rpm and dried on a hot plate at 50° C. to prepare a wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition (wavelength conversion member) (see paragraph [0081] of JP2011-241160A).

Example 5

A wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition (wavelength conversion member) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that polymethyl methacrylate was replaced by polyvinyl chloride (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC.).

Example 7

A wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition (wavelength conversion member) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that polymethyl methacrylate was replaced by polycarbonate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.).

Example 8

A wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition (wavelength conversion member) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that polymethyl methacrylate was replaced by triacetyl cellulose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and toluene was replaced by methylene chloride.

US11186769B2. Wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition, method for producing wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition, wavelength conversion member, and light-emitting element (2021-11-30). FUJIFILM Corporation [JP]. Inventors: Yoshinori Kanazawa [JP], Kousuke Watanabe [JP], Kouitsu Sasaki [JP], Kazuhei Kaneko [JP].

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Wavelength Conversion Luminescent Resin Compositions

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Example 3

Example 5

Example 7

A wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition (wavelength conversion member) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that polymethyl methacrylate was replaced by polycarbonate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.).

Example 8

A wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition (wavelength conversion member) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that polymethyl methacrylate was replaced by triacetyl cellulose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and toluene was replaced by methylene chloride.

US11091692B2. Wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition, method for producing wavelength conversion luminescent resin composition, wavelength conversion member, and light-emitting element (2021-08-17). FUJIFILM Corporation [JP]. Inventors: Yoshinori Kanazawa [JP], Kousuke Watanabe [JP].

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Histological Evaluation of Dental Abutments

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The samples retrieved with a punch biopsy and containing the abutment and the surrounding soft tissue will be processed for non-decalcified histology using polymethacrylate (PMMA). Briefly, after fixation for 2 days in a 4% formaldehyde solution, the samples will be dehydrated in graded series of ethanol followed by xylene. Thereafter, the samples will be embedded in polymethylmethacrylate (Merck). The resulting resin blocks will be cut vertically parallel to the abutment axis with a diamond-coated saw (VC-50, Leco) in a mesio-distal direction and once again in a bucco-oral direction. The sections will be ground to a final thickness of 150 μm (Pedemax-2, Struers) and stained with Toluidin Blue-Fuchsin. The sections will be scanned at high resolution with a Zeiss microscope (Axio Imager. M2, Zeiss).

Borie M., Lecloux G., Bosshardt D., Barrantes A., Haugen H.J., Lambert F, & Bacevic M. (2020). Peri-implant soft tissue integration in humans – influence of materials: A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial and a pilot study results. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 19, 100643.

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Mandibular Miniscrew Osseointegration Protocol

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Thirteen weeks after implantation, all animals were sedated and anaesthetized as previously described. The carotid artery was perfused with 4% neutral paraformaldehyde, and the femoral artery was exsanguinated. The mandible containing miniscrews was separated and removed, and then the lower margin of the mandible was trimmed to guarantee that the longitudinal axis of the bone was parallel to the direction of the force. The left specimen was fixed using 4% paraformaldehyde for decalcification, and the right specimen was immersed in 75% alcohol for undecalcified bone processing. After dehydration and infiltration, the mandibular specimen was embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (Merck, Schuchardt, Hohenbrunn, Germany). Then, each block was sectioned by using a saw microtome (SP 1600; Leica Instruments, Nussloch, Germany), obtaining a series of Sect. 60 μm in thickness. One unstained section of each specimen was used for vital bone fluorescence labelling observation, and three consecutive sections of the central portion of the miniscrew site were also used for static histomorphometric evaluation after being stained with 1% toluidine blue.

Zhao Y., Jia T, & Wang Z. (2023). Comparative analysis of anchorage strength and histomorphometric changes after implantation of miniscrews in adults and adolescents: an experimental study in Beagles. BMC Oral Health, 23, 639.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Thin Films

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N-(2-methylpropyl)-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl)-O-(2-carboxyprop-2-yl) hydroxylamine (MAMA-SG1) (BlocBuilder-MA) was obtained from Prof. Marc Dubé (University of Ottawa), who sourced it from Arkema (Colombes, France). N-tert-butyl-N-(1-diethoxyphosphoryl-2,2-dimethylpropyl)aminooxyl (SG1) was synthesized following a literature procedure from Hlalele et al. [23 (link)]. 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorostyrene (PFS, 98%) was purchased from Oakwood Chemical (Estil, SC, USA). 2-Butanone (99%), methyl methacrylate (MMA, 99%) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (poly(MMA), M_W = 120,000 g/mol) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Xylenes (98.5%) were purchased from Anachemia (Quebec, ON, Canada), while hexanes (99%), methanol (99%) and tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99%) were purchased from Caledon Chemical (Caledon, ON, Canada). Prefabricated glass/quartz substrates were purchased from Ossilla (Sheffield, UK). Prefabricated one-inch by one-inch glass substrates were purchased from university wafers. Chromium (Cr, 99.99%) and silver (Ag, 99.99%) electrode metals were sourced from Angstrom Engineering (London, ON, Canada). Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc, 90%) was purchased from TCI Chemicals (Tokyo, Japan) and purified using train sublimation before use.

Peltekoff A.J., Tousignant M.N., Hiller V.E., Melville O.A, & Lessard B.H. (2020). Controlled Synthesis of Poly(pentafluorostyrene-ran-methyl methacrylate) Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization and Their Use as Dielectric Layers in Organic Thin-film Transistors. Polymers, 12(6), 1231.

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Recycling Waste PMMA Using Solvents

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Poly(methyl methacrylate)s of M_w: 350,000 and 996,000 g/mol were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The waste Poly(methyl methacrylate) (M_w: 117,000 g/mol) was supplied from the landfill sites by Remondis (Tarnowskie Góry, Poland). The other reagents and standards such as: Diethylene glycol diethyl ether (Acros Organics), diethylene glycol methyl ether (Acros Organics), dimethyl sulfoxide (Acros Organics), deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (Acros Organics), potassium hydroxide (Avantor, Poland), acetone (Chempur, Piekary Śląskie, Poland), potassium hydroxide (Avantor, Poland), sodium hydroxide (Avantor, Poland), hydrochloric acid ca. 35–37% (Chempur, Piekary Śląskie, Poland), nitric acid 65% (Suprapur, Merck, Germany), zinc nitrate (Avantor, Poland) and methanol (Acros Organics) were purchased and used without further purification. Zinc standard solution of 1 mg/mL was supplied by Merck. Deionized water was prepared using a Millipore Elix 10 system.

Jakóbik-Kolon A., Milewski A., Zdybał D., Mitko K., Laskowska E., Mielańczyk A, & Bok-Badura J. (2017). Zinc Sorption on Modified Waste Poly(methyl methacrylate). Materials, 10(7), 755.

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Electrochromic Device Fabrication

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WO₃ and V₂O₅ targets (0.25 thickness, 2
in. diameter) were purchased from China
Leadmat Advanced Materials Co. Ltd. Poly(methylmethacrylate) (Alfa
Aesar), propylene carbonate (Sigma-Aldrich), lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄, Sigma-Aldrich), and acetonitrile (Merck) were used for gel
electrolyte preparation for ECD.^{10 (link),52 (link)} ITO-coated
polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates having a sheet resistance
of 80–100 Ω/sq and 25 μm thickness were supplied
from Teknoma Company/Turkey, and the cleaning solvent (ethanol) was
applied to them prior to use.

Gok E.C., Yildirim M.O., Eren E, & Oksuz A.U. (2020). Comparison of Machine Learning Models on Performance of Single- and Dual-Type Electrochromic Devices. ACS Omega, 5(36), 23257-23267.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Boron(III) Compounds

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The β-diketonate boron(III) compounds were synthesized according to the procedures previously established by us [22 (link)]. Coumarin-6, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Solvents were purchased from PanReac (Castellar del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain) and used without further purification. Ultrapure deionized water was used for the synthesis of particles.

Duarte F., Cuerva C., Fernández-Lodeiro C., Fernández-Lodeiro J., Jiménez R., Cano M, & Lodeiro C. (2021). Polymer Micro and Nanoparticles Containing B(III) Compounds as Emissive Soft Materials for Cargo Encapsulation and Temperature-Dependent Applications. Nanomaterials, 11(12), 3437.

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Synthesis of Tribromobenzene Derivative

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1,3,5‐tribromobenzene (98%), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (99%), copper(I) iodide (≥99.5%), trimethylsilyl acetylene (≥98.0%), sodium hydroxide (≥99.0%), methyl alcohol (HPLC, ≥99.9%), hexane (99%), poly (methyl methacrylate), sodium molybdate (≥98.0%), optiPrep density gradient medium were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich Inc. and used without purifications. The details synthesis processes are in Supporting Information.

Do D.P., Hong C., Bui V.Q., Pham T.H., Seo S., Do V.D., Phan T.L., Tran K.M., Haldar S., Ahn B., Lim S.C., Yu W.J., Kim S., Kim J, & Lee H. (2023). Highly Efficient Van Der Waals Heterojunction on Graphdiyne toward the High‐Performance Photodetector. Advanced Science, 10(25), 2300925.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Quantum Dots

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Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, average Mw ~996,000 g mol⁻¹, from Sigma-Aldrich), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, average Mw ~40,000×g mol⁻¹), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), chlorobenzene (99.8% pure, from J&K Scientific), CdO (AR grade, from Aladdin), ZnO (99.7%, from Shijiazhuang hongda zinc industry co. LTD), zinc acetate dehydrate (AR grade, from Aladdin), oleic acid (OA, 90%, from Alfa aeser), 1-octadecene (ODE, 98%, from Toyata), Se powder (99.999%, from Alfa aeser), sulfur powder (99.95%, from Aladdin), 1-Dodecanethiol (DDT, ≥ 98%, from Chevron Phillips Chemical), toluene (for synthesizing quantum dots, AR grade, from Guangdong Guanghua Sci-Tech Co., Ltd), and ethanol (AR grade, from Guangdong Guanghua Sci-Tech Co., Ltd) were received and used without further purification. Sticky-gel film with gel thickness of 1.5 mm and retention level of X4 was purchased from Gel-Pak company. toluene (for dissolving PMMA) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagents and further dried by distillation over sodium.

Liu Y., Han F., Li F., Zhao Y., Chen M., Xu Z., Zheng X., Hu H., Yao J., Guo T., Lin W., Zheng Y., You B., Liu P., Li Y, & Qian L. (2019). Inkjet-printed unclonable quantum dot fluorescent anti-counterfeiting labels with artificial intelligence authentication. Nature Communications, 10, 2409.

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