Sodium orthophosphate

Glucidex 2^® (GLU2) was provided by Roquette Frères (Lestrem, France), while 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), 1,4 butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDE), trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TTE), potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium orthophosphate, sodium mono-hydrogen phosphate, and sodium di-hydrogen phosphate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). GLU2 was dried in an oven at 75 °C up to a constant weight before use.

All the chemicals were commercially obtained in analytical grade and used without further purification. Gold- and palladium-decorated amine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles was synthesized by using iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃, anhydrous, greater than 99% w/w, Merck Ltd), 1,6-hexanediamine (The British Drug House Ltd), sodium acetate anhydrous (Daejung Chemicals & Metals Co.), ethylene glycol (anhydrous 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium borohydride (Daejung Chemicals & Metals Co.), palladium(II) chloride (PdCl₂, 99.9%, metal basis Pd 59.0% min., Alfa Aesar) and gold chloride hydrate (HAuCl₄, purum, 50% Au, Fluka). Distilled water was used for preparation of all aqueous solutions. The cross-coupling reactions were conducted using phenylboronic acid (Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd) and organohalides such as 4-iodotoluene (Alfa Aesar, UK), 4-bromoanisole (greater than 97%, Fluka), 1-bromo-4-fluorobenzene (greater than 97%, Fluka), 4-bromophenol (BDH Chemicals Ltd), 3-bromobenzotrifluoride (greater than 97%, Fluka). Sodium orthophosphate (greater than or equal to 96%, Sigma-Aldrich) was used as the base in the reaction. Acetonitrile (greater than or equal to 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich) and diethyl ether (greater than or equal to 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as solvents.