Sample sizes were determined according to previous studies [24 (link), 44 (link), 45 (link)]. All data were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test prior to further statistical evaluation. Cosinor analysis was performed to determine circadian oscillations. Data were analyzed using CircWave statistic software (V1.4) according to the eq. Y = c + aSIN(i2π t/24) + bCOS(i2π t/24), where Y is delta cycle threshold, t is circadian time, and a, b, and c were predicted. Further nonlinear regression analysis was used to determine peak time, trough and amplitude of the curve, using the center of gravity parameter. Behavioral experiments were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA, repeated measure ANOVA and 3-way ANOVA. Neurogenesis and mitochondrial results were evaluated by Student’s t-test or corrected with Welch’s t-test, where appropriate. Electrophysiological data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Statistical outliers (values outside of the interval: mean ± 2 standard deviations) were excluded from further analyses. The threshold for significance was set at *p < 0.05 in all instances. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software for Windows, Version 24 (IBM Corporation, Chicago, USA) and Graphpad Prism, Version 7 (San Diego, USA).
Spss software for windows version 24
Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States
SPSS software for Windows version 24.0 is a statistical analysis software package developed by IBM. It provides tools for data collection, data management, and data analysis. The software is designed to work on the Windows operating system.
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Lab products found in correlation
33 protocols using spss software for windows version 24
1
Circadian Rhythms and Neurogenesis Analysis
2
Descriptive Statistical Analysis of Data
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Descriptive analysis of the data was performed using summary statistics for categorical and quantitative (continuous) data. Categorical data are expressed as frequencies with percentages. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software for Windows, version 24 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).
3
Antioxidant Activity Analysis Protocol
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For statistical analysis, the IBM SPSS software for Windows, version 24 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, USA), was used. For comparison of grouped data, the Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test were applied. For the cellular antioxidative activity (CAA), assay non-parametric testing was performed (Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests), as not all data showed normal distribution. Differences were considered to be of significance if p-values were ≤ 0.05.
The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was assessed using the CalcuSyn software, version 1.1.1 (Biosoft, Cambridge, UK), according to the concept of Chou and Talalay [42 (link)].
The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was assessed using the CalcuSyn software, version 1.1.1 (Biosoft, Cambridge, UK), according to the concept of Chou and Talalay [42 (link)].
4
Statistical Analysis of Biomarkers
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Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software for Windows, version 24.0, IBM (SPSS Inc., IL, USA). The data are represented as a mean value ± standard deviation (SD). Comparison of group differences on normally distributed numerical variables was assessed by using the Independent Student's t-test (groups 1 and 2). One-way ANOVA (post hoc tests) was conducted for subgroup comparisons (groups IDA, RA-ACD, RA-COMBI, and healthy control) depending on the least significant difference (LSD) at a level less than 0.05 by using Gene State 2009. The Kruskal Wallis analysis was performed to analyze the results of ESR data. P-values at levels (p<0.05) were statistically significant. The Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between various laboratory findings and the significance level was measured by two-tailed paired test.
5
Statistical Analysis of Neurochemical Expression
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A two-tailed independent t-test was used to compare the qPCR expression data for the mRNA levels of NTs and NTRs between control and Skn-1a−/− mice. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc analysis was performed to determine statistically significant differences in the expression of NT and NTR gene transcripts in the MOE and OB of control and Skn-1a−/− mice. A two-tailed independent t-test was also used to compare the gene-transcript levels after a two-week chemical exposure. In addition, two-way ANOVA was performed to compare the effects of a two-week chemical exposure on the level of NTs and NTRs in the MOE and OB of control and Skn-1a−/− mice. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS software for Windows, Version 24.0 (Released 2016; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). For all tests, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The bar graphs represent the means ± SD.
6
Assessing Physical Activity and Nutrient Intake
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Variables were visually assessed for normality using histograms. Independent-samples t-tests were used for continuous variables and Chi-Squared tests for categorical variable. Analysis of covariance was performed to assess between-group differences at 28 weeks' gestation, controlling for baseline values as per the European Medicines Agency guidelines for clinical trials (38 ). Linear regression analysis was used to assess odds ratio for meeting the ACOG physical-activity guidelines. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between app usage instances with nutrient intakes (intervention group participants only). All statistical analyses were performed on IBM SPSS software for Windows version 24.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL).
7
Trends in Statistical Analysis Methodology
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Data were analyzed descriptively. Temporal trends were assessed by using weighted least squares based on the number of observations. P-value <5% was considered as statistically significant. IBM® SPSS® software for Windows, version 24.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) was used. The reference was the outcome in 2005 where no certified centers existed.
8
Hypertension Risk Assessment via Handgrip Strength
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The probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method was used. Quantitative variables with normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and the differences between the groups were assessed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The frequencies of the categorical variables were compared using the Chi-squared (χ2) test. The Pearson's correlation test was applied to estimate the relationship of SBP and DBP with HGS. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between HGS and the prevalence of hypertension, with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), as well as adjustment for confounding factors. The SPSS software for Windows, version 24.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Two-tailed P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
9
Tilt and Reclining Effects on Forces
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The analysis of variance of two factors, tilt and reclining, was performed for each normal and shear force using a two-way repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA). When the main effect of reclining or tilt-in-space was shown, a multiple comparison test using the Bonferroni method was performed to examine the difference in angle. When an interaction was observed, a simple main effect test (one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test for each condition) was performed to verify whether the obtained main effect was observed for each condition. For example, if an interaction was observed and the main effect in the tilt-in-space was observed, then the five tilt-in-space conditions were compared for each reclining angle. SPSS software for Windows version 24.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used for the data analysis. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
10
Statistical Analysis of Corneal Procedures
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Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software for Windows (version 24; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). To compare the same distances at different axes in each group, the t-paired test was used. The t-test or if necessary, its replace test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney, was used to compare the depth parameters with total indices between two groups. The paired t-test was used to compare visual, refractive, keratometric and corneal thickness variables before and after ring insertion by the method of insertion used; and the non-parametric Wilcoxon test was used in its place wherever required. The two groups were compared in terms of these variables before ring implantation using the independent t-test, and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test (where necessary). After ring implantation, these variables were also compared between groups using the independent t-test and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test (where necessary). The difference between these variables before and after ring insertion was measured as the mean changes, and the independent t-test was used to compare the mean changes obtained by the Melles hook method and the PocketMaker mikrokeratome.
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