Bx51 microscope

Manufactured by Visiopharm

Sourced in Denmark

The BX51 is a microscope system designed for routine and advanced microscopy applications. It features a sturdy and ergonomic design, and provides high-quality optical performance. The BX51 is capable of various imaging techniques, including brightfield, darkfield, and phase contrast microscopy.

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Lab products found in correlation

Newcast software, by Visiopharm (2 mentions) Integrator system software, by Visiopharm (1 mentions) Cast 2, by Olympus (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

BX51 light microscope

7 protocols using bx51 microscope

Immunohistochemical Analysis of ErbB4 Expression

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Animal perfusion and brain processing were performed as previously described64 (link). Immunohistochemistry was performed on 7 μm coronal sections as described in19 (link), 64 (link) using the anti-ErbB4 primary antibodies (1:400; Chemicon, HFR1/2G4), followed by Alexa Fluor-conjugated (Invitrogen) secondary antibodies. Negative controls were prepared identically, but the primary antibody was omitted.
Images were acquired using an Olympus BX-51 microscope and the Visiopharm Integrator System software (Visiopharm). Quantifications were performed in the sublesion area (3 sections per animal, Sham/KO/WT, n =4/6/8) using the computer-assisted Stereological Toolbox program with unbiased sampling (CAST-2, Olympus) by a researcher blind to treatment.

Pankratova S., Klingelhofer J., Dmytriyeva O., Owczarek S., Renziehausen A., Syed N., Porter A.E., Dexter D.T, & Kiryushko D. (2018). The S100A4 Protein Signals through the ErbB4 Receptor to Promote Neuronal Survival. Theranostics, 8(14), 3977-3990.

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Quantification of Immunolabeled Cells in Brain Regions

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Microscopy was performed using an Olympus BX51 microscope and VisioPharm software (VisioPharm, Hørsholm, Denmark). Immunolabeled cells were counted by centering a counting frame within each subregion at 10x then shifting to a 40x objective; cell counts were performed within the 22,406 μm² counting frame in real-time throughout the z plane. Cell counts were performed in the posterior aspect of the cingulate cortex (CgC), somatosensory cortex (SSC), piriform cortex (PIR), agranular insular cortex (AIC), lateral septum (LS), basolateral (BLA) and central (CEA) nuclei of the amygdala, nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) and shell (NAcS), dorsolateral (DLS) and dorsomedial (DMS) striatum, lateral habenula (HAB), paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), and hippoocampal subfields CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG). Placement of the field of view for each subregion is shown in Fig 6. For each rat, 6-8 individual hemisphere (both right and left) measurements were assessed, mean values were calculated, and values were normalized as cells per mm².

Ahern M., Goodell D.J., Adams J, & Bland S.T. (2015). Brain regional differences in social encounter-induced Fos expression in male and female rats after post-weaning social isolation. Brain research, 1630, 120-133.

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Quantifying Arc and c-Fos in mPFC

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Microscopy for Arc and c-Fos was performed using an Olympus BX51 microscope and VisioPharm software (VisioPharm, Hørsholm, Denmark). Immunolabeled cells were counted by centering a counting frame within each subregion at 10x then shifting to a 40x objective; cell counts were performed within the 22,406 μm² counting frame in real-time throughout the z plane as previously reported [33 (link)]. Cell counts were performed in the anterior cingulate (AC), prelimbic (PL), and infralimbic (IL) subregions of the mPFC. For each rat, 6-8 individual hemisphere (both right and left) measurements were assessed.

Goodell D.J., Ahern M.A., Baynard J., Wall V.L, & Bland S.T. (2016). A novel escapable social interaction test reveals that social behavior and mPFC activation during an escapable social encounter are altered by post-weaning social isolation and are dependent on the aggressiveness of the stimulus rat. Behavioural brain research, 317, 1-15.

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Quantifying Microglial Activation in Substantia Nigra

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Evaluation of microglial activation in the SNpc using the fractionator method of unbiased stereology was performed, as previously described (Hutson et al. 2011 (link)). Briefly, using TH-stained sections to discern all samples were in the same frame in the SNpc, the SNpc was delineated with a 4X objective in 3 evenly spaced coronal sections at −3.14, −3.26, and −3.38 mm bregma and IBA-1 stained microglia within the SNpc were counted with a 40X objective. Previously defined morphological parameters (Hutson et al. 2011 (link)) were used to score stages of microglial activation on a scale of 0–3. More specifically, microglia were categorized into stages of activation ranging from resting (stage 0) to several activated stages (stages 1– 3) that are classified based on thickness, length, complexity of processes, and cell body size (Figure 5a). Samples were counted in a blind manner by 2 individuals using an Olympus BX51 microscope (Center Valley, PA) and newCAST software (Visiopharm, Hoersholm, Denmark). Conclusions were drawn only when differences in counts were less than 12% between individuals.

Taetzsch T., Levesque S., McGraw C., Brookins S., Luqa R., Bonini M.G., Mason R.P., Oh U, & Block M.L. (2014). Redox Regulation of NF-κB p50 and M1 Polarization in Microglia. Glia, 63(3), 423-440.

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Quantifying c-Fos Expression in Prefrontal Cortex

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Analysis of c-Fos protein expression was performed using an Olympus BX51 microscope and VisioPharm software (VisioPharm, Hørsholm, Denmark). Immunolabeled cells in the prelimbic cortex (PL), and the infralimbic cortex (IL) were counted by centering the field within each subregion at 10× using the corpus callosum as a guide, then shifting to a 40× objective; counts were performed within a 22,406 µm² counting frame centered within the 40× field. This ensured that the counting frame was within the subregion of interest. Placement of the field of view for each subregion is shown in Fig. 1. For each rat, 6–8 individual hemisphere measurements were assessed. A pilot experiment (data not shown) assessed c-Fos positive cells in deep, medium, and superficial layers; however, the magnitude of the effect did not differ between these regions. Thus, our counting frame was positioned between the corpus callosum and the midline of the mPFC in layers 4/5.

Fontenot J., Loetz E., Ishiki M, & Bland S.T. (2017). Monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition alters social behavior in male and female rats after post-weaning social isolation. Behavioural brain research, 341, 146-153.

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Unbiased Stereological Assessment of Microglia

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The fractionator method of unbiased stereology was utilized to evaluate microglial activation in the SNpc, as previously described [7 (link), 46 (link)]. Briefly, TH-stained coronal sections located at − 3.14, − 3.26, and − 3.38 mm bregma were used to delineate the SNpc. A 40× objective was used to score stages of the changes in microglial morphology of IBA-1 stained microglia within the SNpc. Morphological parameters were used to identify four distinct morphology classifications (0–3) as previously described [7 (link), 46 (link)]. Samples were counted in a blind manner by two individuals using an Olympus BX51 microscope (Center Valley, PA) and newCAST software (Visiopharm, Hoersholm, Denmark). Conclusions were drawn only when differences in counts were less than 12% between individuals.

Taetzsch T., Benusa S., Levesque S., Mumaw C.L, & Block M.L. (2019). Loss of NF-κB p50 function synergistically augments microglial priming in the middle-aged brain. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 16, 60.

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Histological Analysis of Adipose Tissue

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White adipose tissue (WAT) (epididymal and inguinal) was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde overnight at 4 °C. Following dehydration in ethanol and xylene, tissue samples were embedded in paraffin. Tissue sections (3 μm thick) were deparaffinized, rehydrated, and stained using a standard Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin or Sirius Red staining protocol. Microscopy was performed on coverslipped slides using an Olympus BX-51 microscope and the Visiopharm Integrator System software program to analyze the images.

Backe M.B., Andersen R.C., Jensen M., Jin C., Hundahl C., Dmytriyeva O., Treebak J.T., Hansen J.B., Gerhart-Hines Z., Madsen K.L, & Holst B. (2023). PICK1-Deficient Mice Maintain Their Glucose Tolerance During Diet-Induced Obesity. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 7(6), bvad057.

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