Accupyc 2 1340 gas pycnometer

Manufactured by Micromeritics

Sourced in United States

The Accupyc II 1340 is a gas pycnometer made by Micromeritics. It is used to determine the true or absolute density of solid or powdered materials by measuring the volume of a sample using a gas displacement technique.

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Lab products found in correlation

Raxis ip diffractometer, by Rigaku (1 mentions) Vario el, by Elementar (1 mentions) Vario micro cube, by Elementar (1 mentions) Nicolet avatar 370, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Avance 300, by Bruker (1 mentions) Q2000, by TA Instruments (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

AccuPyc 1340 gas pycnometer AccuPyc II 1340 pycnometer AccuPyc II 1340 AccuPyc 1340 AccuPyc II

7 protocols using accupyc 2 1340 gas pycnometer

Characterization of Novel Compounds

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All starting materials were
commercially available and used as received. IR spectra were obtained
from KBr pellets using a Nicolet Magna IR 560 spectrophotometer (Madison)
over the range of 4000–400 cm^–1. ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker ARX-400
instrument (Zurich, Switzerland). Chemical shifts are reported in
ppm relative to tetramethylsilane. Elemental analyses (C, H, and N)
were performed using an Elementar Vario EL (Bremen, Germany). Crystal
structures were determined on a Rigaku RAXIS IP diffractometer (Rigaku
Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with the SHELXTL crystallographic software
package of molecular structure. The melting and decomposition points
of the compound were determined using a TA–DSC Q2000 differential
scanning calorimeter (New Castle, DE). Densities were measured at
25 °C using a Micromeritics Accupyc II 1340 gas pycnometer. The
impact and friction sensitivity measurements were carried out with
a BAM fall hammer apparatus (BFH-10) and a BAM friction apparatus
(FSKM-10), respectively.

Zhang Y., Li Y., Yu T., Liu Y., Chen S., Ge Z., Sun C, & Pang S. (2019). Synthesis and Properties of Energetic Hydrazinium 5-Nitro-3-dinitromethyl-2H-pyrazole by Unexpected Isomerization of N-Nitropyrazole. ACS Omega, 4(21), 19011-19017.

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Measuring Particle Density and Porosity

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Loose bulk density (ρ b ) and tapped (100 taps) bulk density (ρ tapped ) of all samples were measured using a Jolting volumeter (Funke Gerber, Berlin, Germany) as per analytical methods (Niro, 2006b) from GEA Niro (Gesellschaft für Entstaubungsanlagen, Germany).
Particle density (ρ p ) was measured based on GEA Niro (Niro, 2006d ) using a Gas Pycnometer (Accupyc II 1340 Gas Pycnometer, Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, USA). The interparticle porosity (ε) is defined as the fraction of air or void space in the tapped bulk volume (Sharma et al., 2012) and was evaluated from Eq. (1).
Eq. ( 1)

Han J., Fitzpatrick J., Cronin K., Maidannyk V, & Miao S. (2020). Breakage of infant milk formula through three different processing methods and its influence on powder properties. Journal of Food Engineering., 282.

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NMR Spectroscopy and Characterization of Compounds

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¹H spectra were recorded on a 300 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer operating at 300 MHz. ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded on a 400 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The solvent were [D6]dimethylsulfoxide ([D6]DMSO) and [D4]methanol ([D4]CH₃DO) unless otherwise specified. ¹⁵N NMR spectra was recorded on a 400 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer operating at 40.5 MHz, the ¹³C and ¹⁵N spectrums were showed from Fig. S15–S20.† Except for single crystal structure determination, before all characterizations (such as thermal stability, sensitivities, element analysis and density, etc.), the samples were dried in 60 °C for 6 h, in order to remove the water or moisture of the samples. The melting and decomposition points were recorded on a NETZSCH STA 449F3 equipment at a scan rate of 5 °C min⁻¹, respectively. Infrared spectra were recorded by using KBr pellets. Densities were measured at room temperature using a Micromeritics Accupyc II 1340 gas pycnometer. Elemental analyses were obtained on an Elementar Vario MICRO CUBE (Germany) elemental analyser. Impact and friction-sensitivity measurements were tested by employing a standard BAM Fallhammer and a BAM friction tester. The acknowledgements come at the end of an article after the conclusions and before the notes and references.

Zhang J., Wang Z., Hsieh Y., Wang B., Huang H., Yang J, & Zhang J. (2020). A promising cation of 4-aminofurazan-3-carboxylic acid amidrazone in desensitizing energetic materials. RSC Advances, 10(5), 2519-2525.

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Physical Properties of Plant Seeds

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The bulk seed density was determined by weighing the seeds contained in a 1-liter cup (203 Liter Cup, Seedburo Equipment Co., Chicago, IL) . For loose bulk density, the cup was filled with seeds flowing freely from a hopper and then leveled using a straight-edged spatula. The tapped bulk density was measured by shaking and tapping the cup while being filled with seeds and then leveling as described. Seed weight was obtained by weighing 1,000 seeds randomly picked from the bulk sample. The hull and kernel were manually separated from 1,000 seeds. The weights of hulls and kernels were then obtained, and their percentages to the seed weight were calculated. The length, width, and thickness of 20 seeds and kernels were measured using a digital caliper. The true densities of seed, kernel, and hull were obtained by weighing the samples in a 10 cm 3 cup, and the true volumes were determined using an AccuPyc II 1340 gas pycnometer, Micromeritics, Norcross, GA. All determinations were performed in triplicate.

Evangelista R.L., Hojilla‐Evangelista M.P., Cermak S.C., & Tassel D.V. (2021). Physical properties and processing of Silphium integrifolium seeds to obtain oil and enriched protein meal.

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Measuring Beads' Density and Volume

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A Micromeritics AccuPyc II 1340 Gas Pycnometer (Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, GA, USA) was utilized to measure average apparent volume and true density of beads by using Helium gas to 4.5 standard (99.995% purity; Irish Oxygen Company Ltd, Cork, Ireland) as the displacement medium, pumped at a steady rate of 145-172 kPa. A sample cup with 10 cm 3 capacity was partially filled, and each sample was measured 10 times during a

Hansen M.M., Maidannyk V.A, & Roos Y.H. (2020). Thermal gelation and hardening of whey protein beads for subsequent dehydration and encapsulation using vitrifying sugars. Journal of Food Engineering., 279.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Energetic Compounds

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Melamine was purchased from AKSci and was used as supplied. Melaminium nitroformate (MaNF) and 3,6,7-triamino-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole (TATOT) was synthesized according to the literature^{5 (link),29 (link)}.¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded on a 300 MHz (Bruker AVANCE 300) nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. Chemical shifts for ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra are given with respect to external (CH₃)₄Si (¹H and ¹³C). [D₆] DMSO was used as a locking solvent unless otherwise stated. IR spectra were recorded using KBr pellets with an FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Nicolet AVATAR 370). The density was determined at room temperature by employing a Micromeritics AccuPyc II 1340 gas pycnometer. Decomposition temperature (onset) was recorded using dry nitrogen gas at a heating rate of 5 °C min⁻¹ and different rates (5, 10, 15, and 20 °C min⁻¹, respectively) on a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, TA Instruments Q2000). Its thermo behavior was also recorded by a Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG, TAQ50). Elemental analyses (C, H, N) were performed with a Vario Micro cube Elementar Analyzer. Impact and friction sensitivity measurements were made using a standard BAM Fallhammer and a BAM friction tester.

Zhang J., Feng Y., Staples R.J., Zhang J, & Shreeve J.M. (2021). Taming nitroformate through encapsulation with nitrogen-rich hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks. Nature Communications, 12, 2146.

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Characterization of HPMC Polymer Samples

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The bulk volume (V₀) of each polymer sample was calculated by gently weighing the powder sample (W_s) into a 10 mL dry graduated cylinder. The cylinder was then manually tapped 150 times to calculate the tapped volume (V_f) of the powder. All the measurements were conducted in triplicate. The bulk density (ρ_bulk) and tapped density (ρ_tapped) were calculated using Equations (1) and (2).

ρ_{bulk} = \frac{W_{s}}{V_{0}}

ρ_{tapped} = \frac{W_{s}}{V_{f}}

Carr’s index (CI) was calculated using Equation (3) [20 ].

CI (%) = \frac{ρ_{b u l k} - ρ_{t a p p e d}}{ρ_{b u l k}} \times 100

The true density of the HPMC polymers was obtained using a gas pycnometer with helium as the displacement gas (AccuPyc II 1340 Gas Pycnometer, Micromeritics, Hitchin, UK). Each polymer was accurately weighed (1.5–2 g) and placed gently in the sample cell. The result of the mean and standard deviation of three runs was obtained.

Mawla N., Alshafiee M., Gamble J., Tobyn M., Liu L., Walton K., Conway B.R., Timmins P, & Asare-Addo K. (2023). Comparative Evaluation of the Powder and Tableting Properties of Regular and Direct Compression Hypromellose from Different Vendors. Pharmaceutics, 15(8), 2154.

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