Alendronate

Minodronate was supplied from Astellas Pharmaceutical (Tokyo, Japan). Alendronate was purchased from LKT laboratories Inc. (St. Paul, MN, USA). These reagents were dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; 0.05 M, pH7.4), filtrated through Syringe Filters (0.45 μm; IWAKI GLASS, Tokyo, Japan), and used for the various assays described below.
Farnesol (FOH) and geranylgeraniol (GGOH) were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). FOH and GGOH were dissolved in dry ethanol. U0126 and LY294002 were purchased from Promega (Southampton, Hants, UK) and dissolved in DMSO. The dissolved reagents were resuspended in PBS (0.05 M, pH 7.4) and filtered through Syringe Filters before use.

Alendronate and risedronate were purchased from LKT laboratories (St. Paul, MN, USA). Minodronic acid was supplied by Astellas Pharma (Tokyo, Japan). Bafilomycin A1 was obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). Reagents for TRAP staining were purchased from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO, USA). Alpha-modified Eagle's medium (α-MEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA).