Menadione hy b0332

Nitidine Chloride (HY-N0498) and Menadione (HY-B0332) were purchased from MedChemExpress. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; catalog:11320033), fetal bovine serum (FBS), trypsin-EDTA (catalog: 25200072) and Penicillin-Streptomycin (catalog:15070063) were all purchased from Gibco, NY, USA. Recombinant rat IL-1β (501-RL-010/CF) was obtained from R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK. Collagenase II, DMSO and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; catalog: L6529) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Merck KGaA, MO, USA.

HeLa (CCL-2), MDA-MB-231 (HTB-26), and HEK293T (CRL-3216) cell lines were obtained from ATCC and were maintained in DMEM (Gibco, C11995500BT) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, 10099141 C) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C within a humidified atmosphere of 20% O₂ and 5% CO₂. Primary embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were prepared from E13.5 wild type C57BL/6 embryos using standard protocols³⁵ and maintained in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum. MEFs, cultured for no more than six passages, were used for experiments. Since pyruvate could attenuate the accumulation of NADH, we replaced the medium with pyruvate-free DMEM (Merck, D0819) in NADH-related experiments to avoid the interference of pyruvate. To induce hypoxia, cells were cultured under 0.5% oxygen conditions. All the cell lines were tested negative for mycoplasma, and no commonly misidentified cell lines were used in the study. Doxycycline (D9891), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (A9165), glutathione monoethyl ester (353905), and 2-ketobutyric acid (K401) were purchased from Sigma. 6-Mercaptopurine (HY-13677), pelitrexol (HY-14530), lometrexol (HY-14521B), Z-VAD-FMK (HY-16658B), necrosulfonamide (HY-100573), ferrostatin-1 (HY-100579), and menadione (HY-B0332) were purchased from MedChemExpress. A769662 (S2697) and AICAR (S1802) were purchased from Selleck.