Sigmacell cellulose

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany

Sigmacell cellulose is a type of cellulose material manufactured by Merck Group. It is a white, fibrous powder derived from natural sources. Sigmacell cellulose serves as a versatile laboratory material with various applications in research and development.

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5 protocols using sigmacell cellulose

Phantom Evaluation of Microbubble Contrast Agents

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Phospholipid-encapsulated MBs containing perfluoro-carbon gas were prepared [33 (link)], measured by electrozone sensing (3.5 ± 1.1 μm in diameter, Fig. 1, Multisizer 3, Beckman Coulter Inc., Brea, CA), and circulated at a flow velocity of 0.5 cm/s in a 6-mm-diameter wall-less cylindrical agar-based phantom containing 0.5% Sigmacell cellulose (20-μm particles, Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, Saint Louis, MO) to mimic tissue scattering (Fig. 2). This phantom had an attenuation coefficient of 0.3 dB/MHz/cm (data not shown). A 20-MHz single-element rotating catheter (PZT, aperture 0.09 × 0.07 cm, Sonicath Ultra 3.2F, Boston Scientific Corp., Fremont, CA) was placed against the wall of the phantom to allow comparison of contrast and tissue signals as a function of depth. In a separate set of experiments, a similar 4-mm wall-less phantom also containing 0.5% Sigmacell was built and 200-μm cellulose microdialysis hollow fibers (Spectra/Por, Spectrum Laboratories Inc., Rancho Dominguez, CA) were placed in the phantom and perfused with microbubbles. Citrated porcine blood was also circulated at a mean velocity of 20 cm/s and imaged at a rotation speed of 30 Hz to assess the susceptibility of RM imaging to motion artifacts.

Yu F.T., Villanueva F.S, & Chen X. (2014). Radial Modulation Contrast Imaging Using a 20-MHz Single-Element Intravascular Ultrasound Catheter. IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control, 61(5), 779-791.

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Cellulolytic Potential of JS-C42 Strain

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The JS-C42 isolate was grown on pretreated paddy straw (1.0%, w/v), paddy straw with glucose (1.0% and 0.03%), leaves of A. mangium and F. religiosa and microcrystalline cellulose (1% Sigmacell cellulose, Sigma, USA) with the mineral salts 2.0 g NaNO₃, 0.5 g KCl, 1.0 g K₂HPO₄, 0.5 g MgSO₄, 20 μM FeSO₄ per L, pH 7.6 and incubated at 30 °C, 120 rpm and 1.0 mL culture supernatants were withdrawn once in 6 h, cells were removed by centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 5.0 min and supernatant was subjected to filer sterilization in order to monitor the release of reducing sugars by cellulolytic action of JS-C42 strain.

Santhi V.S., Gupta A., Saranya S, & Jebakumar S.R. (2014). A novel marine bacterium Isoptericola sp. JS-C42 with the ability to saccharifying the plant biomasses for the aid in cellulosic ethanol production. Biotechnology Reports, 1-2, 8-14.

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Synthesis and Modification of PPO

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Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO), N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), Sigmacell cellulose (Cel), triethylamine (TEA), p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (PTSC), 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea, 1,4-dibromobutane (DBB), chlorobenzene, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and toluene were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Yongin, Korea. Lithium chloride (LiCl) was purchased from Alfa Aesar, Incheon, Korea. An oxalyl chloride (OC) and 1,6-diaminohexane were purchased from DAEJUNG, Siheung, Korea. All chemicals were of reagent grade.

Kang D.H., Das G., Yoon H.H, & Kim I.T. (2020). A Composite Anion Conducting Membrane Based on Quaternized Cellulose and Poly(Phenylene Oxide) for Alkaline Fuel Cell Applications. Polymers, 12(11), 2676.

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Molecular Cloning of dsRNA from N. oryzae

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DsRNA fragments were isolated from N. oryzae strain 9-1 according to the methodology reported previously with a slight modification [50 (link)], CF-11 cellulose being replaced with Sigmacell cellulose (S6790, Sigma, Steinheim, Germany). The molecular cloning of dsRNA was performed according to the previous report [50 (link)]. Briefly, the dsRNA fragment was mixed with Primer A (5′-PO4-TCTTCGGGTGTCCTTCCTCG-NH2-3′, Sangon, Shanghai, China), T4 RNA ligase (NEB) and T4 DNA ligase (NEB). The mixture was incubated at 37 °C for 3 hr. The partial duplex was repaired with 2×Taq PCR StarMix (Genstar, Nanjin, China) at 68 °C for 30 min and precipitated by the addition of 2.5 volumes of ethanol with 10% 3M sodium acetate (pH 5.4). Following denaturation of the tailed dsRNA at 99 °C for 3 min and ice incubation for 5 min, first-strand cDNA was synthesized using the complementary Primer B (5′-CGAGGAAGGACACCCGAAGA-3′) and SuperScript^TM III reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The full-length cDNA was obtained by a regular PCR using Primer B and Q5 High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (NEB). The resultant cDNA was cloned into the vector pLB-simple (Tiangen, Beijing, China) for sequencing.

Wang X., Lai J., Hu H., Yang J., Zang K., Zhao F., Zeng G., Liao Q., Gu Z, & Du Z. (2022). Infection of Nigrospora nonsegmented RNA Virus 1 Has Important Biological Impacts on a Fungal Host. Viruses, 14(4), 795.

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Characterization of CPC Fractions

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For the characterization of CPC fractions, commercial standards of glucose, cellobiose, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) were purchased from Alfa-Aesar (Haverhill, MA); xylose, galactose, arabinose, mannose, and furfural were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (C2730, St. Louis, MO). Standards for acetic acid and formic acid were purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH). Folin-Ciocalteu's (F-C) phenol reagent and sulfuric acid (98%) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ).
Recombinant enzymes were purified from transgenic corn grain. A commercial T. reesei cellulase cocktail was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (C2730, St. Louis, MO). Four-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-cellobioside (MUC) (Gold Biotechnology) and 4-methylumbelliferone (MU) (Sigma-Aldrich, M1381) were used in the MUC assay as the substrate and for standard curve construction. Sigmacell cellulose (Sigma-Aldrich, S3504), 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) (Sigma-Aldrich, 128848) and D-glucose (Fisher Scientific) were used in the cellulose-DNS assay as the substrate and for standard curve construction.

Fang H., Kandhola G., Rajan K., Djioleu A., Carrier D.J., Hood K.R, & Hood E.E. (2018). Effects of Oligosaccharides Isolated From Pinewood Hot Water Pre-hydrolyzates on Recombinant Cellulases. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 6, 55.

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