Gentiopicroside was purchased from Innochem Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Moreover, 1, 2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE), cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG2000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, (St. Louis, MO, USA). Chitosan was prepared in our laboratory. IMQ cream and tacrolimus ointment were obtained from Sichuan Mingxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China) M5 was purchased from Nearshore Proteins. BALB/c mice and HaCaT cells were purchased from Beijing Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China) and the Cell Resource Center at the Institute of Basic Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, China).
Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, MA, USA). The annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kit, penicillin-streptomycin mixture, and trypsin-EDTA solution (TRY) were purchased from Solarbio Life Sciences (Beijing, China). In addition, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium ammonium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Beijing Okos Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Other reagents were purchased from Innochem Technology Co., Ltd.
Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, MA, USA). The annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay kit, penicillin-streptomycin mixture, and trypsin-EDTA solution (TRY) were purchased from Solarbio Life Sciences (Beijing, China). In addition, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium ammonium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Beijing Okos Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Other reagents were purchased from Innochem Technology Co., Ltd.