The granule size distributions were analysed via dynamic image analysis using the
QICPIC TM system (Sympatec, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany), equipped with a vibrating feeder system (
Vibri/L TM ) for gravimetric feeding of granules. The
WINDOX 5 software (Sympatec, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany)
was used to calculate the median granule size (d50) as the diameter of a circle of equal projection area.
The percentage of fines, yield and oversized granules were defined as the fractions <150 µm, between 150 and 1500 µm and >1500 µm, respectively. The breakage ratio was calculated to quantify the breakage of granules after fluid bed drying by Equation 2:
where d50 and d50, BD represent the median granule size after FBD and median granule size obtained with tray-drying, respectively.
Vandevivere L., Denduyver P., Portier C., Häusler O., De Beer T., Vervaet C, & Vanhoorne V. (2022). The effect of binder types on the breakage and drying behavior of granules in a semi-continuous fluid bed dryer after twin screw wet granulation. International journal of pharmaceutics, 614.