the solvents and reagents were of spectroscopic
grade and were used in this work as obtained. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
methanol (MeOH), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and potassium hydroxide (KOH)
were purchased from Wako Chemical Co. Inc. Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) was obtained from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc.
Phosphorus pentabromide (PBr5), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0),
9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diboronic acid bis (1,3-propanediol) ester,
and nickel(II)acetate tetrahydrate (Ni(CH3COO)2 4H2O) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. Imidazole
was obtained from nacalai tesque, INC. Chelidamic acid monohydrate
was purchased from TCI Co., Ltd. Dimethyl 4-bromopyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate
(1) was synthesized from chelidamic acid monohydrate using the reported
procedure.55 (link)