Bluephase meter

Manufactured by Ivoclar Vivadent

Sourced in Austria

The Bluephase Meter is a measuring device designed to measure the light intensity of dental curing lights. It provides an objective assessment of the light output to ensure optimal polymerization of dental materials.

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Lab products found in correlation

Elipar s10, by 3M (2 mentions) Bluephase, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Relyx unicem 2, by 3M (1 mentions) Panavia f2, by Kuraray (1 mentions) Bluephase powercure, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Spectrum 800, by Dentsply (1 mentions) Vita easyshade advance 4, by Vita Zahnfabrik (1 mentions) Bluephase 20i, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Ah plus, by Dentsply (1 mentions) Vitrebond, by 3M (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Bluephase (57 citations) Bluephase Meter II (10 citations)

6 protocols using bluephase meter

Evaluation of Different Dental Cements

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Four different types of cements were used; ZPC (De Trey Zinc, Dentsply, York, PA), glass-ionomer cement (GIC; Fuji I, GC, Tokyo, Japan), self-adhesive resin-based cement (SRC; RelyX Unicem2, 3M/ESPE, St. Paul, MN) and adhesive RC (Panavia F2.0, Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan). RC was tested in both dual cure mode (RC-D) and pure chemical cured mode (RC-C).
When light curing was needed throughout the study, a light curing unit (Bluephase, Ivoclar/Vivadent, Schaan, Lichtenstein, Germany) was used at an irradiance of 1370 ± 50 mW/cm² controlled using Bluephase meter (Ivoclar/Vivadent) at each occasion.

Nakamura K., Mouhat M., Nergård J.M., Lægreid S.J., Kanno T., Milleding P, & Örtengren U. (2016). Effect of cements on fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia crowns. Acta Biomaterialia Odontologica Scandinavica, 2(1), 12-19.

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Microhardness Assessment of BF-RBC Specimens

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A total of 12 cylindrical (4 × 6 mm) BF-RBC specimens were prepared using a silicone mold on a polyethylene terephthalate strip and light cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions using a light-emitting-dione (LED) light curing unit (Elipar^TM S10, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) operated at 1000 mW/cm² as verified by a hand-held radiometer (Bluephase Meter, Ivoclar Vivadent, Bürs, Austria). The light-curing tip was kept at approximately 1 mm and at 0 angle to the specimen. Each experimental group was stored in an incubator for 24 h at 37 °C and used for microhardness assessment. Half of the specimens of each experimental group (n = 6) were tested at 24 h, while the other half (n = 6) was tested after 30 days of water storage at 37 °C. Five indents were made using a pyramidal Vickers indenter (INNOVATEST Europe BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands) (Figure 2) with a 10-N load and a dwell time of 15 s. The indentations made were approximately 0.5 mm apart from each other. The size of each indentation was measured using a built-in microscope at ×50 and the Vickers hardness number (VHN) was calculated based on the following formula: VMH = 1.854(f/d2), while F is the force applied and d2 is the surface area of the indentation. The five VMH measurements of each specimen were averaged to obtain a single mean.

Alshehri A., Alhalabi F., Robaian A., Abuelqomsan M.A., Alshabib A., Ismail E., Alzamil F., Alotaibi N, & Algamaiah H. (2023). No-Cap Flowable Bulk-Fill Composite: Physico-Mechanical Assessment. Polymers, 15(8), 1847.

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Evaluation of Dental Composite Properties

Cited 1 time

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The polymerization of tested materials was initiated using a fourth-generation polywave LED curing unit (Bluephase^® PowerCure, Ivoclar Vivadent) in the high power mode, with values averaging 950 mW/cm². Measurement of radiant exitance was repeated three times using a hand-held radiometer (Bluephase meter, Ivoclar Vivadent, y Schaan, Liechtenstein, PFILL) before each sampling procedure, and the mean value was calculated. The emission spectrum of the curing unit had a violet peak at 404 nm and a blue light peak at 447 nm [29 (link)].
The following experiments were performed, as depicted in Figure 1:

Three-point bending test according to ISO 4049 (flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Weibull analysis; 1 day, 30 days, 30 days + ethanol);

Degree of conversion (30 days after light curing);

Water sorption and solubility (up to 90 days).

Marovic D., Par M., Macan M., Klarić N., Plazonić I, & Tarle Z. (2022). Aging-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of the New Generation of Bulk-Fill Composites. Materials, 15(3), 902.

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Standardized Light-Curing Resin Composites

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Twenty-five disc-shaped specimens (diameter: 3 mm ± 0.1 mm; thickness: 1 mm ± 0.1 mm) from five experimental light-curing resin-based composites were made. The unmodified material ST, representing a common formulation of dental resin composites, served as the control. All materials met the ISO 4049 criteria [31 ]. The specimens were cured for 40 s on each side (Spectrum 800, Model No. 703EU, Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Constance, Germany). The output of the curing device was checked routinely (Bluephase Meter, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Irradiances of 884 ± 53 mW/cm² were measured, and no significant decrease of the output was observed.
The cured specimens were polished on the test side with Super-Snap finishing and polishing discs (Schofu Dental GmbH, Ratingen, Germany), using green (20 µm grit) and red (7 µm grit) subsequently for one minute each at 10,000 rpm and a grinding pressure of 40–50 g.

Burgard N., Kienitz M., Jourdan C, & Rüttermann S. (2021). The Influence of Modified Experimental Dental Resin Composites on the Initial In Situ Biofilm—A Triple-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Split-Mouth Trial. Polymers, 13(16), 2814.

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Color Stability of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites

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A total of six samples of each group (material) were prepared using a silicone mold on a polyethylene terephthalate strip and light cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions using a light-emitting-diode (LED) light curing unit (Elipar^TM S10, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) operated at 1000 mW/cm² as verified by a hand-held radiometer (Bluephase Meter, Ivoclar Vivadent, Austria). The light-curing tip was kept at approximately 1 mm and at 0 angle to the specimen. BF-RBC materials were packed into the mold and then covered by another polyethylene terephthalate strip and light-cured according to the manufacturer’s instructions. A clinical spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade Advance 4.0, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) was calibrated according to the manufacturer’s instructions and used to measure the color of each RBC specimen immediately following the light-curing according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and after the 30-day water aging. The spectrophotometer’s CIE-LAB values provide a numerical representation of a 3D measure of color as described in previous studies [18 (link),19 (link)]. Readings of L*, a* and b* were performed three times against the same background (black) and the mean value used. Total color change was calculated using the following formula:

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Endodontic Access Cavity Restoration

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Conventional endodontic access cavities were prepared and all root canals were shaped up to working length using a rotary file system (WaveOne Primary/ISO 25, taper 8%; Dentsply Sirona, Milford, CT, USA). Gutta-percha cones were placed using a root canal sealer (AH Plus; Dentsply Sirona), seared off 1 mm below the canal entrance, and covered with a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitrebond, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA). Root canal sealer was removed using a microbrush drenched in an 80% alcohol solution. The access cavity was restored using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Optibond FL, Kerr, Orange, CA, USA) and a microhybrid composite (Clearfil AP-X Posterior A3, Kuraray, Okayama, Japan). The composite was layered and each increment light-cured for 20 seconds using a high-power curing unit (Bluephase 20i; Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). The output of the curing unit was .1100 mW/cm 2 throughout the experiment (Bluephasemeter, Ivoclar Vivadent). After endontic treatment, specimens were stored in distilled water for a maximum of four months.

de Kuijper M., Gresnigt M., van den Houten M., Haumahu D., Schepke U, & Cune M.S. (2019). Fracture Strength of Various Types of Large Direct Composite and Indirect Glass Ceramic Restorations. Operative dentistry, 44(4).

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