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51 protocols using modular analyzer

1

NMR-Based Plasma Biomarker Quantification

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Plasma samples were sent frozen to LipoScience/LabCorp (Morrisville, NC, USA) for testing on the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer. NMR LipoProfile® Test spectra were collected and GlycA values were quantified as previously described 8, 14, 25. In short, the GlycA NMR signal comes from the N‐acetyl methyl group protons of the N‐acetylglucosamine moieties located on the bi‐, tri‐ and tetra‐antennary branches of plasma glycoproteins, mainly α1‐acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin, α1‐antitrypsin, α1‐antichymotrypsin and transferrin. The coefficients of variation (CVs) for the GlycA assay ranged from 1.3% to 2.3%. hsCRP was measured by nephelometry with a threshold of 0.18 mg L−1 (BNII; Dade Behring, Marburg, Germany). Plasma glucose was measured using standard laboratory protocols 26. Serum total cholesterol was assayed on an automatic analyser type MEGA (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) using the CHOD‐PAP‐method. Measurement of serum creatinine was performed by an enzymatic method on a Roche Modular analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Serum cystatin C concentrations were measured by Gentian Cystatin C Immunoassay (Gentian AS, Moss, Norway) on a Modular analyzer (Roche Diagnostics). Urinary albumin concentration was measured by nephelometry with a threshold of 2.3 mg L−1, and intra‐ and inter‐assay CVs of 2.2% and 2.6%, respectively (Dade Behring Diagnostic, Marburg, Germany).
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2

Thyroid, Lipid, and Kidney Biomarkers

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Heparinized plasma samples and sera were stored at -80 °C until analyses. Serum TSH (Architect; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA; reference range 0.35-4.94 mU/L), FT4 (AxSYM; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA; reference range 9.14-23.81 pmol/ L) and FT3 (AxSYM; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA; reference range; 2.23-5.35 pmol/L) were measured by microparticle enzyme immunoassays. Anti-thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were determined using commercially available automated enzyme linked immunoassays (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA; kit number 5F57). Anti-thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were considered positive using a cut-off value as indicated by the supplier (≥ 12 kU/L).
Total serum cholesterol and plasma glucose were measured using Kodak Ektachem dry chemistry (Eastman Kodak, Rochester, NY, USA). Serum creatinine was measured by an enzymatic method on a RocheModular analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Serum cystatin C was measured by Gentian Cystatin C Immunoassay (Gentian AS, Moss, Norway) on a Modular analyzer (Roche Diagnostics). Urinary albumin concentration was measured by nephelometry with a threshold of 2.3 mg/L (Dade Behring Diagnostic, Marburg, Germany).
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3

Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia

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All patients had hemoglobin levels less than reference values for age and gender with a blood film that showed microcytic hypochromic anemia. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was less than 80 fl, serum ferritin was below 20 ng/dL; iron was below 50 g/dL and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was more than 350 g/dL. The transferrin saturation was below 15%. Ferritin was measured using the Elecsys 2010 system using a Roche diagnostics kit by the electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method. Serum levels of iron were measured by the colorimetric method with a Roche modular analyzer. TIBC was measured with the Roche modular analyzer.
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4

Concanavalin A-induced Liver Injury

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Concanavalin (Con) A (20 mg/kg; Sigma-Aldrich) was injected intravenously to induce T cell-mediated hepatitis in C57BL/6 mice. CPZ (3 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered 60 min after Con A-treatment. Blood was drawn from individual mice to monitor progression of hepatitis. Liver injury was quantified by automated measurement of plasma activities of alanin transaminase (ALT) using a Roche modular analyzer.
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5

Serum Thyroglobulin Measurement Methods

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From 1988 to 2001 and from 2007 to 2008, serum Tg measurements were carried out using the commercially available Dyno-test Tg/Tg-S RIA kit (Henning/Brahms, Germany), which includes the determination of Recovery-Tg. Normal values of Recovery-Tg were considered to rule out the possibility of disturbing influence exerted by Tg-autoantibodies or other non-specific serum proteins. From 2001 to 2007, serum Tg and Tg-autoantibody concentrations were determined by the commercially available LIAISON Tg and LIAISON Anti-Tg kits, respectively, with the LIAISON analyzer (all from Byk-Sangtec Diagnostica/DiaSorin, Germany/Italy). From 2008 onwards, serum Tg and Tg-autoantibody concentrations were determined by the commercially available Tg/Tg-II Cobas and Anti-Tg kits, respectively, with a Modular analyzer (all from Roche, Germany).
Owing to the presence of Tg-autoantibodies, 38 patients were excluded from the study.
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6

Hepatic Enzyme Activity Assay

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Hepatic enzyme (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) activities were determined on an automatic analyzer (Modular Analyzer, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Germany) using standard assays.
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7

Blood Sample Analysis Protocol

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Blood was obtained under isoflurane 2% in air/O2 anesthesia from the abdominal aorta into one-tenth volume of 3.2% sodium citrate or in lithium heparin coated tubes. Cell count was performed on a Sysmex PoCH 100-iv analyzer. Immature platelet fraction was determined with a Sysmex XE-2100 by staining RNA using the RET-SEARCH (II) dye followed by quantification of reticulated cells (Ko et al. 2013 (link)). Plasma was prepared by whole blood centrifugation at 3000g × 15 min at 22 °C and stored at -80 °C. D-dimer was measured with a Modular analyzer (Roche Diagnostics) with reagents from Roche.
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8

Prediabetes Biomarkers in Women

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The women had two blood samples drawn from an antecubital vein for measurement of plasma glucose, serum insulin, and serum GADAs after 10 hours of fasting. Women without known diabetes underwent a 2-hour, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Diabetes at follow-up was classified according to American Diabetes Association criteria [19 (link)], and prediabetes was defined as either impaired fasting glycemia (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or both.
Plasma glucose was measured by the glucose oxidase method using an automated colorimetric method on a Cobas Mira analyzer. GADAs were detected by a radioimmunoassay [7 (link), 20 (link)]. The cutoff limit was 9.5 units/mL, and the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 0.024 and 0.036, respectively. High-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) was measured on a Roche/Hitachi MODULAR analyzer (Tina-quant cardiac C-reactive protein high sensitive, cobas, Roche) with a measuring range of 0.1 to 20 mg/L.
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9

Measuring Autoantibody Profiles in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Total Ig RF levels in serum were measured by turbidimetry with modular analyzer (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) with cut off level for RF-seropositivity ≥15 IU/ml. IgG anti-CCP2 levels were measured by fluorescent enzyme immuno assay on the Phadia 250 (Phadia Laboratory Systems, Phadia AB, Uppsala, Sweden) with cut off level for anti-CCP2 seropositivity ≥10 U/ml.
Specificity of the ACPA response was determined by testing reactivity against four well-known citrullinated peptides [18 (link)]; two peptides from fibrinogen (Fib1, β-chain amino acids 36–52, NEEGFFSACitGHRPLDKK and Fib2, β-chain amino acids 60–74, CitPAPPPISGGGYCitACit), one peptide from α-enolase (Eno1, KIHACitEIFDSCitGNPTVE) and one peptide from vimentin (Vim1, VYATCitSSAVCitLCitSSV). Citrulline-specific IgG and IgA reactivity was determined separately by measuring the difference in reactivity against the citrullinated and native form of the peptides, with the cut off defined as the difference in optical density (ΔOD) >2SD above the mean of 36 healthy controls, previously described [22 ].
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10

Whole Blood Cell and Enzyme Analysis

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Complete blood counts were measured from whole blood using an XN-1000™ automatic analyzer (Sysmex, Lincolnshire, IL, USA). Serum biochemical markers (ALT and AST activities) were determined by standard assays using an automatic analyzer (Modular analyzer, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany).
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