Bp785

Prior to all laboratory visits, participants fasted for at least 8 h and abstained from exercise, caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol for at least 24 h. Upon arrival during the initial assessment, participant height was assessed to the nearest ±0.5 cm using an analog wall-mounted stadiometer (HR-200, Tanita Corp, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) with their shoes removed and standing erect on flat feet. Body mass was measured prior to all study visits using a self-calibrating digital balance (Tanita BWB-627A, Tokyo, Japan) and was recorded to the nearest ±0.1 kg. Additionally, body masses recorded after 0 and 2 weeks were compared to ensure the participants were weight stable. Any participant whose body mass deviated by more than 2% during this time was excluded from participation. Heart rate as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure were assessed using an automatic blood pressure monitor (OMRON BP785, Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan). All hemodynamic measurements were completed in a supine position after the study participant had arrived in the laboratory and rested quietly on an exam table for approximately 10 min. Participants were assessed for hydration status by providing a mid-flow urine sample analyzed by a handheld urine refractometer.

Participants rested quietly for approximately 10 min before measuring resting heart rate and blood pressure (Omron BP785, Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan). Body mass was determined (Tanita BWB-627A, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded to the nearest ±0.1 kg. Height was measured using a standard wall-mounted stadiometer (Tanita, HR-200, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded to the nearest ±0.5 centimeter (cm).

During the initial visit, after providing written consent, participants were instructed to rest quietly for approximately 10 min before measuring resting heart rate and blood pressure. Resting heart rate was measured by palpating the radial artery for a period of 60 s. While still resting, blood pressure (Omron BP785, Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) measurements were taken before participants resumed normal activity. Participants then had their body mass determined (Tanita BWB-627A, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded to the nearest ± 0.1 kg upon arrival prior to each study visit. All recorded body masses were compared to ensure the participant was weight stable. Any participant whose body mass changed by more than 2% between consecutive study visits were excluded from participation. Following body mass measurements, height was measured using a standard wall-mounted stadiometer (Tanita, HR-200, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded to the nearest ± 0.5 cm (cm). Fat and fat-free mass was determined using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (InBody 570, Beverly Hills, California). Participants were required to observe an overnight fast to ensure an accurate determination of body composition. Body composition analysis occurred between 0600 and 1000 h by trained research personnel. All assessments were completed according to device specifications.

For both aims, upon reporting to the laboratory, height and weight was measured using a digital scale with height rod. Thereafter, following 15-min of supine rest, heart rate and brachial artery systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements were made at both arms using an automated oscillometric device (OMRON BP785; Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan). The average of the measurements at the left and right arm were recorded for characterization of blood pressure.

During the initial visit, after providing written consent, participants were instructed to rest quietly for approximately 10 min before measuring resting heart rate and blood pressure. Resting heart rate was measured by palpating the radial artery for a period of 60 s. While still resting, blood pressure (Omron BP785, Omron Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) measurements were taken before participants resumed normal activity. Participants then had their body mass determined (Tanita BWB-627A, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded to the nearest ±0.1 kg upon arrival prior to each study visit. All recorded body masses were compared to ensure the participant was weight stable. Any participant whose body mass changed by more than 2% between consecutive study visits was excluded from participation. Following body mass measurements, height was measured using a standard wall-mounted stadiometer (Tanita, HR-200, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded to the nearest ±0.5 cm (cm). Fat and fat-free mass was determined using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (InBody 570, Beverly Hills, CA, USA). Participants were required to observe an overnight fast to ensure an accurate determination of body composition. Body composition analysis occurred between 600 and 1000 h by trained research personnel. All assessments were completed according to device specifications.