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Gladiatr accessory

Manufactured by PIKE Technologies
Sourced in United States

The GladiATR is an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) accessory for FTIR spectrometers. It enables the analysis of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples by directing the infrared beam through a crystal, which the sample comes into contact with. This allows for non-destructive, quick, and easy sample analysis.

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8 protocols using gladiatr accessory

1

Characterization of Chlorinated Cellulose Propionate

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1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were recorded with JEOL 400 and 600 MHz FT‐NMR spectrometers (Tokyo, Japan) by using [D6]DMSO or CDCl3 as the solvent. The DS value with respect to the propionate unit in the chlorinated sample was calculated from the 1H NMR spectrum by integrating the signal areas of the proton signals of the cellulose backbone (I3.4–5.5 ppm) and the proton signals of the propionate methyl group (I0.5‐1.3 ppm) as follows [Eq. (1)]: DSpropionate=(I0.5-1.3ppm×7)(I3.4-5.5ppm×3)
The DS value with respect to the azido group was determined from elemental analysis performed with a Micro Order JM10 Organic Elemental Micro Analyzer (J‐Science Lab Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan).
FTIR spectra were obtained by using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS10 FTIR spectrometer (Waltham, MA, USA) and a GladiATR accessory (Pike Technologies, Madison, WI, USA). An average of 128 scans was taken with a resolution of 2 cm−1.
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2

FTIR Spectroscopy of MTZ Melting Point

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FTIR spectra were collected on a Nicolet iS50 FTIR spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) with a built-in diamond iS50 ATR sampling station in the MIR range of 4000–400 cm−1. Each spectrum was recorded from 16 scans with a resolution of 4 cm−1. The high-temperature FTIR spectrum of MTZ (at the melting point of 438 K) was measured using a GladiATR accessory (Pike Technologies, Madison, WI, USA) coupled with an FTIR spectrometer in the range 4000–400 cm−1 (16 scans; spectral resolution of 2 cm−1).
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3

ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy of Injection-Molded Samples

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The infrared spectra were recorded with a PerkinElmer Spectrum 3 ATR-FTIR spectrometer (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) The GladiATR accessory, (PIKE Technologies, Madison, WC, USA) contained a monolithic diamond crystal. A total of 16 scans with a resolution of 4 cm−1 were acquired from each sample. All the spectra were recorded at room temperature in a wavenumber range between 4000 and 600 cm−1.
The FTIR microscopy mapping was performed using the FTIR PerkinElmer Spectrum 3 with the Spotlight 200i frontier microscope (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). The mapping was performed on the surface of the injection-molded samples at sizes of 5 × 5 mm for each material produced. On the examined surface a mesh combination of 25 × 25 markers was determined with 100 µm spacing between them (as shown in Figure 1). The size of the aperture was set to 100 × 100 µm. The measurements were performed in ATR mode with a diamond ATR crystal using 18% of force. A total of 16 scans with a resolution of 4 cm−1 were acquired from each sample. All the spectra were recorded at room temperature in a wavenumber range between 4000 and 700 cm−1. The results obtained were analyzed using the SpectrumIMAGE software (version: R1.11.2.0016) from PerkinElmer. For samples r3L and rDSM, the spectra obtained on the surface were compared with the PP spectra, and for sample rEL with the PA 6 spectra.
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4

Characterization of Hydroxylated Cellulose Oligosaccharides

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The FTIR spectra of HBCOSs and COS were recorded ranging from 4,000 to 400 cm−1 using a Bruker INVENIO S FTIR spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) equipped with a Gladi-ATR accessory (Pike Technologies, Madison, WI, USA). 1H NMR spectra of HBCOSs and COS were recorded on a Bruker AVANCE III 600 MHz (Bruker, Germany) at 25°C to measure the DS. The DS of HBCOSs was calculated using the following equation (Cai et al., 2019 (link)): DS=SCH3/3SH1
Herein, SH1 is the integral area of the peaks attributed to the H1 protons, and SCH3 is the integral area of the peaks attributed to the hydroxybutyl methyl protons.
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5

Profiling Biofilm EPS by FTIR-ATR

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EPS of biofilms was lyophilized and analyzed by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. Samples were transferred to the ATR crystal and a pressure of 150 N/cm2 was applied. Infrared spectra were acquired (PerkinElmer Spectrum BX FTIR System spectrophotometer, PerkinElmer, Waltham, USA) with a PIKE Technologies Gladi ATR accessory (PIKE Technologies, Inc., Madison, USA) from 4000 to 600 cm−1 with a resolution of 4 cm−1 and 32 scans co-additions. For each sample, three instrumental replicates (obtained in the same day) and two biological replicates (obtained in two different days from two independent bacterial growths) were obtained, corresponding to a total of six spectra for each extracted EPS. Between each EPS measurement, the background was acquired. Spectra corresponding to the instrumental replicates were averaged prior to the analysis.
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6

Characterization of Cellulose Derivatives

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Cellulose derivatives were characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopy in DMSO-d6 or CDCl3 as a solvent using a JEOL 400 and 600 MHz FT-NMR spectrometer (Tokyo, Japan). Quantitative 13C-NMR measurement was carried out at room temperature with 30 seconds pulse-repetition time and with a scan number of 2000. FTIR spectra were recorded on a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS10 FTIR spectrometer (Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with a GladiATR accessory (Pike Technologies, Madison, WI, USA) applying a scan number of 128 and a resolution of 2 cm−1.
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7

FTIR Spectral Characterization of Samples

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Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded by placing approximately 2 mg of the sample on the GladiATR accessory (Pike Technologies, Madison, USA) equipped in a Varian 3100 FTIR spectrometer (Varian Inc., California, CA, USA). The spectra were collected at a 4 cm−1 resolution with 64 scans over a range of 400–4000 cm−1 using Resolution Pro software (Agilent Technologies Inc., California, CA, USA). Peak positions were also identified using the same software.
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8

FTIR-ATR Analysis of Calcined Bone

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Powdered immersed samples were analyzed by FTIR-ATR using a Cary 640 FTIR instrument (Agilent Technologies, Stockport, UK) with a GladiATR accessory (Pike Technologies, Madison, WI, USA). Each sample was measured three times, applying enough pressure onto the diamond crystal to have a minimum absorbance of 0.06 for the highest peak. The background was subtracted and a baseline correction was carried out using Agilent Resolution Pro software. The spectra Strontium isotope ratios in calcined bone were normalized and the three spectra of each sample were averaged. The infrared splitting factor (IRSF) was calculated following Weiner and Bar-Yosef. [33]
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