Mc3t3 e1 mouse pre osteoblasts

All materials and reagents were obtained from MilliporeSigma (Burlington, MA) or Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA) unless otherwise specified. Silicon wafers were bought from Silicon Quest International (Santa Clara, CA). Linear polyethylenimine (LPEI, 25 kDa) was purchased from Polysciences (Warrington, PA). Cy5 and Cy7 NHS ester dyes were procured from Lumiprobe (Hunt Valley, MD). The alkaline phosphatase assay kit was bought from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom). Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was generously donated by Bioventus LLC (Durham, NC) while the Human/Murine /Rat BMP-2 Standard ABTS ELISA Kit was procured from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, NJ). MC3T3-E1 mouse pre-osteoblasts were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA) and cultured in Gibco Alpha Minimum Essential Medium (containing ribonucleosides, deoxyribonucleosides, 2 mM L-glutamine and 1 mM sodium pyruvate, but without ascorbic acid) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Lonza). Cell Titer Glo assay kit was acquired from Promega (Madison, WI).