The differences between CBDs and FRDs in the prevalence of VBPs for each pathogen and each data element collected on the dogs (breed, gender, age and location) were analysed by the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, where appropriate. Significance was set at P < 0.01. The agreement between serological status for R. conorii/R. rickettsii and for A. phagocytophilum/E. canis was tested using the kappa coefficient [39 (link)]. SPSS for Windows, version 13.0 software was used.
Spss for windows version 13
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SPSS for Windows version 13.0 is a software application for statistical analysis. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and presentation. The software is designed to work on the Windows operating system.
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Lab products found in correlation
254 protocols using spss for windows version 13
1
Comparing Canine Serological Tests
2
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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All data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows, Version 13.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and the results are expressed as the mean value ± SD of data obtained from at least three independent experiments. The statistical significance of differences between groups was assessed by Student’s t-test, and multiple comparisons were made using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.
3
Factors Influencing Anti-VEGF Response in DME
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All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows, version 13.0 software (SPSS Science, Chicago, IL, USA). Snellen BCVA was converted to LogMAR notation for analysis purposes. To take into account the correlations between two eyes of the same patient, GEE models were fitted to the data46 (link). For comparing the difference in BCVA and CST between baseline and after treatment, GEE models were used with the laterality of eye and repeated measures as within-subject variables. The differences in age, gender, baseline and final BCVA, baseline and final CST by SD-OCT, HbA1c, and number of injections between anti-VEGF responder and non-responder groups were also evaluated using GEE models with the laterality of eye as within-subject variable and the response to ranibizumab as predictive factor. Furthermore, a logistic GEE model was applied to investigate the factors associated with the response to ranibizumab with the responder/non-responder as dependent variable. GEE models were used to determine whether changes in BCVA and CST after treatment varied according to the clinical characteristics in all subjects, responder and non-responder groups, respectively. In addition, Pearson chi-square tests were used to examine if there is any difference in OCT types between responders and non-responders. A P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
4
One-Way ANOVA Data Analysis
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Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance using a commercially available statistics software package (SPSS® for Windows, Version 13.0, Chicago, IL, USA). Results were presented as means ± standard deviation P < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
5
Nonparametric Comparison of BM-DCs
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Statistical comparisons of data among groups of control and treated BM-DCs were performed with the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. All statistical tests were performed by SPSS for Windows, version 13.0. (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA).
6
Tebuconazole Sensitivity of Mutant VvCYP51
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Significant differences of EC50 values, mycelial growth rate, sporulation, spore germination and Kd values of tebuconazole with wild type and mutant VvCYP51 proteins were evaluated by one-way ANOVA analysis with least-significant-difference test in SPSS for Windows Version 13.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Linear association between EC50 values of VvCYP51 transformants (pB-Vv51wt transformants) and relative expression values of the VvCYP51 gene was examined using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
7
Evaluating SVZ Involvement in Astrocytoma
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To evaluate the reliability of the region-based frequency of SVZ involvement in MRI images, we determined the intra- and inter-observer agreements by using kappa statistics. The agreement level was assessed using the criteria reported by Landis and Koch [24 (link)]. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test differences in age across the LGA, HGA, and SCM groups. The chi-square test was used to compare between-group differences in the following variables: sex; patient-based SVZ-involvement rate; and region-based frequency of SVZ involvement by astrocytomas. The Fisher exact test was used when the cell count was too small (n < 5).
Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlation between SVZ involvement and necrosis in MR images of astrocytoma and SCM. The Kruskal—Wallis test was used to compare tumor volume in MR images across the three groups, due to the non-normal data distribution. Logistic regression was used to determine whether tumor volume affected the association between SVZ involvement and astrocytoma grade. The astrocytoma grade was the dependent variable; SVZ contact, tumor volume, and the interaction between them were as independent variables. All data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., USA). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlation between SVZ involvement and necrosis in MR images of astrocytoma and SCM. The Kruskal—Wallis test was used to compare tumor volume in MR images across the three groups, due to the non-normal data distribution. Logistic regression was used to determine whether tumor volume affected the association between SVZ involvement and astrocytoma grade. The astrocytoma grade was the dependent variable; SVZ contact, tumor volume, and the interaction between them were as independent variables. All data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., USA). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
8
Liver Histology and Hepatitis B
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Normally distributed variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and skewed variables are presented as median and interquartile range. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Statistical analyses of the relationship between the inflammation grade or fibrosis stage and age, ALT, HBeAg, and spleen thickness were performed using the chi-square test. The change trends between liver histology and the incremental HBV DNA level, ALT level, and age were performed using the Cochran–Armitage trend test. All significance tests were two-tailed, and a P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The predictive accuracy of the spleen thickness and the MPV diameter was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves.
9
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Data between the groups were analyzed by the Students t test or chi-square test. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows, Version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
10
Genetic Factors in Type 1 Diabetes and Thyroid Disorders
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Values are expressed as mean ± SD. Statistical analyses were performed with a SPSS for Windows version 13.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago,Il, USA). We used Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney test (when variables not normally distributed) and χ2 tests to compare the demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics of T1DM group according to presence or absence of TD. Logistic regression was performed in T1DM patients to assess the role of VDR FokI polymorphism in the concurrence of T1DM and TD by including the genotypes of the VDR polymorphism. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was calculated to evaluate the gene and genotype frequencies expected and observed.
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