1260 infinity 2 multi detector gpc sec system

The number average molecular weight M_n, weight average molecular weight M_w, and polydispersity index of the initial and sulfated ethanol lignin samples were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using an Agilent 1260 Infinity II Multi-Detector GPC/SEC System with triple detection: refractometer (RI), viscometer (VS), and light scattering (LS). The water-soluble samples were separated on two combined PL Aquagel-OH Mixed-M columns using 0.1 M NaNO₃ as the mobile phase. The tetrahydrofuran (THF)-soluble samples were separated on a PLgel 10 µm MIXED-E column with the THF mobile phase stabilized with 250 ppm of butylhydroxytoluene. The columns were calibrated using the polyethylene glycol and polystyrene polydisperse standards (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA), respectively. The eluent flow rate was 1 mL/min, and the injected sample volume was 100 µL. Before the analysis, the ethanol lignin and sulfated ethanol lignin samples were dissolved in THF and water (5 mg/mL), respectively; after that, they were filtered through a 0.45-µm Millipore PTFE membrane filter. The data were collected and processed using the Agilent GPC/SEC MDS software.

Gel permeation chromatography with size-exclusion chromatography (GPC/SEC) analysis was performed on a 1260 Infinity II Multi-Detector GPC/SEC System equipped with an LS, RI, and viscometry detector by Agilent (Santa Clara, CA, USA). The tests were performed using water with 0.02% NaN₃ as the eluent and two PLaquagel-OH Mixed-H 300 × 7.5 mm chromatographic columns (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. A solution of the sample in water at a concentration of 1 mg ml⁻¹ was prepared. A 50 µL solution was injected into the chromatographic system. Recorded chromatograms were analyzed by Agilent GPC/SEC Software.